matrix
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A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers, symbols, or expressions organized in rows and columns, often used as a tool for organizing and manipulating data. Matrices matter because they provide a structured way to represent and solve complex problems in mathematics, physics, engineering, and computer science.
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An m × n matrix: the m rows are horizontal and the n columns are vertical. Each element of a matrix is often denoted by a variable with two subscripts. For example, a2,1 represents the element at the second row and first column of the matrix.
In mathematics, a matrix (pl.: matrices) is a rectangular array of numbers or other mathematical objects with elements or entries arranged in rows and columns, usually satisfying certain properties of addition and multiplication.