Menominee

alt=The Menominee Nation had claims extended north to the Upper Peninsula, south to Milwaukee, and east to the Yellow River, including Green Bay and Sheboygan.|thumb|376x376px|Claims of the Menominee Nation as described in the Treaty of Washington, with Menominee (1831)|Treaty of Washington of 1831. The map's title text, Omaeqnomenew-ahkew, means "Land of the Wild Rice People" in the Menominee language. The Menominee ( ; meaning "Menominee People", also spelled Menomini, derived from the Ojibwe language word for "Wild Rice People"; known as Mamaceqtaw, "the people", in the Menominee language) are a federally recognized tribe of Native Americans officially known as the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin. Their land base is the Menominee Indian Reservation in Wisconsin. Their historic territory originally included an estimated in present-day Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The tribe currently has about 8,700 members.

Federal recognition of the tribe was terminated in the 1960s under policy of the time which stressed assimilation. During that period, they brought what has become a landmark case in Indian law to the United States Supreme Court, in Menominee Tribe v. United States (1968), to protect their treaty hunting and fishing rights. The Wisconsin Supreme Court and the United States Court of Claims had drawn opposing conclusions about the effect of the termination on Menominee hunting and fishing rights on their former reservation land. The U.S. Supreme Court determined that the tribe had not lost traditional hunting and fishing rights as a result of termination, as Congress had not clearly ended these in its legislation.