Moscow Mathematical Papyrus

ancient Egyptian mathematical manuscript

Key facts

Length: c. 5 meters
Width: 7.6 cm
Created: c. 1725 BC
Discovered: 1892 or 1893, Luxor , Egypt
Present location: Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts , Moscow , Russia
Language: Hieratic

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Wikidata facts

Image: Papyrus moscow 4676-problem 14 part 1.jpg

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Article

The Moscow Mathematical Papyrus, also named the Golenishchev Mathematical Papyrus after its first non-Egyptian owner, Egyptologist Vladimir Golenishchev, is an ancient Egyptian mathematical papyrus containing several problems in arithmetic, geometry, and algebra. Golenishchev bought the papyrus in 1892 or 1893 in Thebes. It later entered the collection of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow, where it remains today.

Based on the palaeography and orthography of the hieratic text, the text was most likely written down in the 13th Dynasty and based on older material probably dating to the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, around 1850 BC. Around 5.5 m (18 ft) long and varying between 3.8 and 7.6 cm (1.5 and 3 in) wide, its format was divided by the Soviet Orientalist Vasily Struve in 1930 into 25 problems with solutions.