File:N2MolecularDiagramCR.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Also known as element 7, N, ₇N
原子序為7的化學元素
OverviewAI-generated
Nitrogen is a chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. It is classified as a nonmetal and an atmophile element. The element was discovered in 1772 in the United Kingdom by Daniel Rutherford. Its name is derived from nitre and life.
Nitrogen has an atomic mass of 14.007 and an electronegativity of 3. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p³. It is part of period 2 and group 15, and its chemical formula is N₂. The element exhibits oxidation states of -3, -2, -1, and 1. It is used as a food additive.
Synthesized by Vinony from 25 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Key facts
- Nitrogen.engvar
- en-GB
via Wikipedia infobox
Research
355,044 papers- Prospects and challenges for nitrogen-atom transfer catalysis.ReviewNature reviews. Chemistry · 2023Cosio MN, Powers DCDOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00482-1
- The function of high-affinity urea transporters in nitrogen-deficient conditions.ReviewPhysiologia plantarum · 2021Beier MP, Kojima SDOI: 10.1111/ppl.13303
- Technologies to recover nitrogen from livestock manure - A review.ReviewThe Science of the total environment · 2021Pandey B, Chen LDOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147098
- Air-breathing and excretory nitrogen metabolism in fishes.ReviewActa histochemica · 2018Ip YK, Chew SFDOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.08.013
- Dissolved inorganic nitrogen as an overlooked precursor of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts - A critical review.ReviewWater research · 2025Li X, Bond T, Tan X et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122654
- The Intramolecular Povarov Tool in the Construction of Fused Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles.ReviewTopics in current chemistry (Cham) · 2023Masdeu C, de Los Santos JM, Palacios F et al.DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00428-7
- Stereocontrolled 1,3-nitrogen migration to access chiral α-amino acids.Nature chemistry · 2022Ye CX, Shen X, Chen S et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00895-3
- Regulatory links between carbon and nitrogen metabolism.ReviewCurrent opinion in microbiology · 2006Commichau FM, Forchhammer K, Stülke JDOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2006.01.001
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- chemical element
- Subclass of
- nonmetal
- Part of
- hexazine
- Named after
- life
- Mass
- 14.007
- Image
- Fluessiger Stickstoff.jpg
- Has use
- food additive
Show 16 more facts
- oxidation state
- 5
- element symbol
- N
- discoverer or inventor
- Daniel Rutherford
- Commons category
- Nitrogen
- topic's main category
- Category:Nitrogen
- atomic number
- 7
- Commons gallery
- Nitrogen
- time of discovery or invention
- 1772-00-00
- location of discovery
- United Kingdom
- electronegativity
- 3
- on focus list of Wikimedia project
- Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
- Unicode character
- 氮
- electron configuration
- [He] 2s² 2p³
- ionic radius
- 0.13
- chemical formula
- N₂
- different from
- dinitrogen
via Wikidata · CC0
Article · 中文
氮(拼音:dàn,注音:ㄉㄢˋ;英語:Nitrogen),是一種化學元素,化學符號为N,原子序數为7,原子量為14.007 u。1772年,在丹尼爾·盧瑟福分離空氣後第一次被發現。雖然卡爾·威廉·舍勒及亨利·卡文迪什也在同一時間独立完成了相关研究,但因為盧瑟福更早公開發表而广受赞誉。1790年,法國化學家提出了氮的法文命名nitrogène,因為在当时,氮多出现于硝酸和硝酸鹽中。由于氮无法用于呼吸,安托万-洛朗·德·拉瓦锡提出了另一个英文命名azote,取自希腊语ἄζωτος,意思是“没有生命的”。这个名称被多数其他语言使用,例如法語、俄語等。同时,azote也出现在含氮相关化合物的英文名中。 氮是元素周期表第十五族氮族元素中最輕的一個。這個名字引用希臘文πνίγειν,意思是“有窒息性的”。氮是宇宙中常見的元素,他在銀河系和太陽系中含量大約占第七。在标准温度和压强下,兩個氮原子可以结合形成氮氣()。氮氣是一種無色無味的双原子气体,在大氣中的含量约为78%,也是大气中最稳定的气体之一。氮也存在于生物的氨基酸、蛋白质和核酸中。人体中氮元素的质量约占3%,仅次於氧、碳和氫。氮循环是指氮元素從空氣進入生物圈和有機化合物中然後再返回大氣的转移過程。 很多工业上重要的化合物都含有氮原子,例如氨、硝酸、可用作推進劑或炸藥的有机硝酸盐、氰化物等。氮原子之間可以形成非常牢固的氮氮三鍵()(强度仅次于一氧化碳()的鍵強)。无论在工业或是生物体中,将氮转化为有用的含氮化合物都很不容易;相反,含氮化合物因燃燒、爆炸或分解而產生氮氣,同时放出大量的反應熱。合成產生的氮和硝酸鹽是關鍵的工業化肥料。硝酸鹽肥料是引起水質優養化的關鍵污染物。 含氮化合物除了作為肥料和能量儲存的功用之外還有其他多種用途。氮是和氰基丙烯酸酯強力膠水等多種材料的組成部分。在各種藥學藥品的大類中(包括抗生素)都含有氮元素。許多藥物都是天然含氮信號分子的類似物或前體藥物。比如,有機硝酸鹽、硝酸甘油和硝普鈉在體內代謝產生一氧化氮以控制血壓。植物中的生物鹼(經常是防衛性化合物)根據定義是含有氮的,許多知名的含氮藥物(比如咖啡因和嗎啡)是生物鹼或是合成的天然產物類似物,像許多植物生物鹼一樣用作於動物體內的神經傳導物質的接收器上(例如合成苯丙胺)。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA
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