直交化

In linear algebra, orthogonalization is the process of finding a set of orthogonal vectors that span a particular subspace. Formally, starting with a linearly independent set of vectors {v1, ... , vk} in an inner product space (most commonly the Euclidean space Rn), orthogonalization results in a set of orthogonal vectors {u1, ... , uk} that generate the same subspace as the vectors v1, ... , vk. Every vector in the new set is orthogonal to every other vector in the new set; and the new set and the old set have the same linear span.