File:The_book_of_antelopes_(1894)_Pantholops_hodgsoni.png · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
OverviewAI-generated
Pantholops hodgsonii, commonly known as the Tibetan Antelope, is a species of mammal in the family Bovidae. It belongs to the genus Pantholops and is classified within the order Artiodactyla, class Mammalia, and phylum Chordata. The scientific name is attributed to Abel, 1826.
This species is endemic to China and inhabits desert environments. Its IUCN conservation status is Near Threatened, a designation recorded in 2016. The Tibetan Antelope is listed in Appendix I of CITES. The gestation period for this animal is 6.
Synthesized by Vinony from 31 facts across 6 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, Gbif Occ, IUCN Red List, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Species
Near ThreatenedPantholops hodgsonii
SPECIES
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassMammalia
- OrderArtiodactyla
- FamilyBovidae
藏羚羊（学名：Pantholops hodgsonii；藏文：གཙོད་，威利：gtsod），學名藏羚，偶蹄目牛科羚羊亚科藏羚屬，也是该属的唯一物种。对藏羚羊最早的科学描述由英国博物学家克拉克·阿贝尔（Clarke Abel）于1826年作出，但他还未来得及为其命名便于同年11月去世，后由英国博物学家布莱恩·霍奇森（Brian Houghton Hodgson）于1834年命名。藏羚羊背部呈红褐色，腹部为浅褐色或灰白色。成年雄性藏羚羊脸部呈黑色，腿上有黑色标记，头上长有竖琴形状的角用于御敌。雌性藏羚羊没有角。藏羚羊的底绒非常柔软。成年雌性藏羚羊身高约75厘米、体重约25～30公斤。雄性身高约80～85厘米、体重约35～40公斤。藏羚羊2岁性成熟，雄性寿命一般不超过8岁，雌性寿命一般不超过12岁，人工饲养可达将近10年。藏羚羊的栖息地海拔3250～5500米，最适应海拔4000米左右的平坦地形。藏羚羊是中国的特有物种，根据德裔美籍野生动物学家乔治·夏勒的研究大致可分为若干不迁徙种群和四大迁徙种群。主要生活在青藏高原和新疆阿爾金山一帶，分布区域大致以藏北高原（羌塘）为中心，南至拉萨以北，北至昆仑山，东至西藏昌都地区北部和青海西南部，西至中印边界，偶尔有少数由此流入印控克什米尔的拉达克地区。尼泊尔直到19世纪上半叶仍有藏羚羊分布，后灭绝。藏羚羊1975年被列入《濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约》附录II物种，1979年更被列入严禁贸易的附录I物种，1988年发布的《国家重点保护野生动物名录》确立其为国家一级保护野生动物。藏羚羊被公认为青藏高原动物区系的典型代表和自然生态系统的重要指示物种。
via GBIF · IUCN
Museum specimens
- Specimen records
- 30
- Family
- Bovidae
- Collections
- RBINS-SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE, AMNH, USNM, FMNH, CAS, GNM
- Recorded in
- Kashmir, China, India, Asia, Turkey, Locality Unknown, Chine
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- taxon
- Parent taxon
- Pantholops
- Image
- Atilope du Tibet.png
Show 11 more facts
- taxon rank
- species
- IUCN conservation status
- Near Threatened
- taxon name
- Pantholops hodgsonii
- Commons category
- Pantholops hodgsonii
- gestation period
- 6
- CITES Appendix
- Appendix I of CITES
- habitat
- desert
- endemic to
- China
- taxon common name
- Tibetan antelope
- described by source
- Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
- short name
- P. hodgsonii
Sources (2)
via Wikidata · CC0
~13 min read
Encyclopedic overview
The Tibetan antelope or chiru (Pantholops hodgsonii) (Tibetan: གཙོད་, Wylie: gtsod, pronounced [tsǿ]; Chinese: 藏羚羊; pinyin: zànglíngyáng) is a medium-sized bovid native to the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Most of the population lives within the Chinese border, while some are scattered across India and Bhutan in the high-altitude plains, hill plateau, and montane valley. Fewer than 150,000 mature individuals are left in the wild, but the population is currently thought to be increasing.
In the 1980s and 1990s, they had become endangered due to massive illegal poaching. They are hunted for their extremely soft, light, and warm underfur, which is usually obtained after death. This underfur, known as shahtoosh (a Persian word meaning "king of fine wools"), is used to weave luxury shawls. Shahtoosh shawls were traditionally given as wedding gifts in India, and it takes the underfur of three to five adult antelopes to make one shawl. Despite strict controls on the trade of shahtoosh products and CITES listing, there is still demand for these luxury items. Within India, shawls are worth $1,000–$5,000; internationally, the price can reach as high as $20,000. In 1997, the Chinese government established the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve (also known as Kekexili) solely to protect the Tibetan antelope population.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Pantholops hodgsonii” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.