Peter Kropotkin

Peter Kropotkin, born Pyotr on December 9, 1842, in Moscow, was a Russian geographer, writer, explorer, and philosopher. He was educated at the Page Corps and held citizenship in the Russian Empire, the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and Russia. A member of the International Workingmen's Association, he advocated for anarcho-communism. His notable works include *Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution*, *The Conquest of Bread*, and *Fields, Factories, and Workshops*.

Kropotkin died of pneumonia on February 8, 1921, in Dmitrov, Moscow, due to natural causes. He is buried at Novodevichy Cemetery. He spoke English, French, and Russian, his native language. His writings have been described by sources such as the *Encyclopædia Britannica* 11th edition and the *Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary*. He is referenced by 2,424 other encyclopedia articles.