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promotion
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in chess, the mandatory immediate replacement of a pawn reaching its 8th rank by the player's choice of a queen, knight, rook, or bishop of the same color
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Encyclopedic overview
Chess set with extra black and white queens for promotion, 35th Chess Olympiad
In chess, promotion is the replacement of a pawn with a new piece when the pawn is moved to its last rank. The player replaces the pawn immediately with a queen, rook, bishop, or knight of the same color. The new piece does not have to be a previously captured piece. Promotion is mandatory when moving to the last rank; the pawn cannot remain as a pawn.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “promotion” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.