proton

Also known as p, ¹H⁺, 1H+, p⁺

particule subatomique de charge électrique positive

OverviewAI-generated

The proton, identified by the chemical formula H+, is a particle with a positive electric charge of 1. It was discovered in 1920. The particle has a spin quantum number of 0.5 and a parity quantum number of 1. Its isospin quantum number is 0.5, with an isospin z-component of 0.5.

The mass of the proton is 938.27208943, and its weight is 1.0078250319. It possesses a magnetic moment of 2.79284734463 and a g-factor of 5.5856946893. The particle has one hydrogen bond donor and zero hydrogen bond acceptors. Its topological polar surface area is 0, and its xlogP value is 0. Under pressure, the value is 100000000000000000000000000000000000.

Synthesized by Vinony from 26 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Key facts

Particle.classification: Baryon
Particle.name: Proton
Particle.image: Quark structure proton.svg
Particle.caption: The valence quark content of a proton. The color assignment of individual quarks is arbitrary, but all three colors must be present. Forces between quarks are mediated by gluons.
Particle.composition: 2 up quarks (u), 1 down quark (d)
Particle.statistics: Fermionic
Particle.group: Hadron
Particle.interaction: Gravity, electromagnetic, weak, strong
Particle.antiparticle: Antiproton
Particle.theorized: William Prout (1815)
Particle.discovered: Observed as H+ by Eugen Goldstein (1886). Identified in other nuclei (and named) by Ernest Rutherford (1917–1920).
Particle.symbol: , , ,
Particle.mean_lifetime: > (stable)
Particle.electric_dipole_moment: <
Particle.spin:  ħ
Particle.parity: +1
Particle.condensed_symmetries: I(JP) = (+)

via Wikipedia infobox

Chemical data

Formula: H+
Molecular weight: 1.0078250319 g/mol
IUPAC name: proton
SMILES: [1H+]
InChIKey: GPRLSGONYQIRFK-FTGQXOHASA-N
XLogP: 0
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 1
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 1

via PubChem

Research

218,771 papers

Proton Transfer Mechanisms in Bimetallic Hydrogenases.Accounts of chemical research · 2021Tai H, Hirota S, Stripp STDOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00651
Proton transfer pathway in anion channelrhodopsin-1.eLife · 2021Tsujimura M, Kojima K, Kawanishi S et al.DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72264
Proton-detected solid-state NMR spectroscopy at aliphatic sites: application to crystalline systems.ReviewAccounts of chemical research · 2013Asami S, Reif BDOI: 10.1021/ar400063y
The Protonic Brain: Nanoscale pH Dynamics, Proton Wires, and Acid-Base Information Coding in Neural Tissue.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Grigorean VT, Tataru CI, Pantu C et al.DOI: 10.3390/ijms27020560
Linkage between proton binding and folding in RNA: implications for RNA catalysis.ReviewBiochemical Society transactions · 2005Bevilacqua PC, Brown TS, Chadalavada D et al.DOI: 10.1042/BST0330466
Halide-selective, proton-coupled anion transport by phenylthiosemicarbazones.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2022Howe ENW, Chang VT, Wu X et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183828
Proton Control of Transitions in an Amino Acid Transporter.Biophysical journal · 2019Wu Z, Alibay I, Newstead S et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.07.056
Proton transfer events in GFP.Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 2011Di Donato M, van Wilderen LJ, Van Stokkum IH et al.DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20387h

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Subclass of: hydron
Followed by: deuteron
Mass: 938.27208943
Image: Hydron.svg

Show 22 more facts

Monte Carlo Particle Number: 2212
discoverer or inventor: Ernest Rutherford
interaction: gravity
location of discovery: University of Manchester
Commons gallery: Proton
spin quantum number: 0.5
parity quantum number: 1
isospin z-component: 0.5
isospin quantum number: 0.5
g-factor: 5.5856946893
topic's main category: Category:Proton
antiparticle: antiproton
electric charge: 1
Commons category: Protons
under pressure: 100000000000000000000000000000000000
magnetic moment: 2.79284734463
different from: hydronium
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
time of discovery or invention: 1920-00-00
native label: proton
named by: Ernest Rutherford
opposite of: electron

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

Article · Français

Le proton est une particule subatomique portant une charge électrique élémentaire positive. Les protons sont présents dans les noyaux atomiques, généralement liés à des neutrons par l'interaction forte (la seule exception, mais celle du nucléide le plus abondant de l'univers, est le noyau d'hydrogène ordinaire (protium1H), un simple proton). Le nombre de protons d'un noyau est représenté par son numéro atomique Z. Le proton n'est pas une particule élémentaire mais une particule composite. Il est composé de trois particules liées par des gluons, deux quarks up et un quark down, ce qui en fait un baryon. Dans le cadre du modèle standard de la physique des particules, et aussi expérimentalement dans l'état actuel de nos connaissances, le proton est également stable à l'état libre, en dehors de tout noyau atomique. Certaines extensions du modèle standard prévoient une (extrêmement faible) instabilité du proton libre.

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA