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Article
21 sectionsContents
- Classification
- Grain size
- Shape
- Form
- Roundness
- Surface texture
- Composition
- Sediment transport
- Fluvial processes
- Aeolian processes: wind
- Glacial processes
- Mass balance
- Shores and shallow seas
- Key marine depositional environments
- Environmental issues
- Erosion and agricultural sediment delivery to rivers
- Coastal development and sedimentation near coral reefs
- Biological considerations
- See also
- References
- Further reading
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Sediment is a solid material made of loose particles that is transported to a new location where it is deposited. It occurs naturally and, through the processes of weathering and erosion, is broken down and subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles. For example, sand and silt can be carried in suspension in river water and on reaching the sea bed deposited by sedimentation; if buried, they may eventually become sandstone and siltstone (sedimentary rocks) through lithification.