Sipuncula
Sign in to saveThe Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a class containing about 162 species of marine annelid worms, that have secondarily lost their segmentation. Sipuncula was once considered a phylum of unsegmented worms, but was demoted to a class of Annelida, based on recent molecular work.
Species
peanut worms
PHYLUM
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumSipuncula
- OrderSipuncula
Habitatmarine, brackish
纲 見內文 星虫动物（学名：Sipuncula或Sipunculida）是海洋底栖的對稱無環節动物，分布与生活环境及生活方式与螠类相似。根據不同的分類或估計方式，現時物種從144到300种不等。比較知名的物種有：土钉虫和方格星虫。 星蟲動物的學名Sipuncula的意思就是「小型的虹管」。 最初被認為是动物界的一个門，現時基於分子生物學的研究，可能會放到環節動物門之下成為一個「亞門」[1]。 目录 1 分類 2 食用 3 參考文獻 4 外部連結 分類 参见：List of bilaterial animal orders 本門物種在支序生物學的位置過往也問題多多。最初被歸類為環節動物門，儘管這些物種完全沒有環節、剛毛（英语：Bristle#Variations of bristle in the animal kingdom）（bristles）或其他環節動物的特徵。 後來本門跟軟體動物門連繫，主要是基於其發育（英语：morphogenesis）與幼體的特徵。 現時這兩個門跟紐形動物門及其他兄弟分類元共同組成冠輪動物總門 （Lophotrochozoa）。種系發生學研究基於79核糖体蛋白质（ribosomal protein）認為星蟲動物門是環節動物門之下的成員[2]，其後對其物種的線粒體的DNA分析，確認了本分類跟吸口虫纲（Myzostomida）及环节动物门（包括螠虫目及鬚腕科）的親密關係[3]。另外，有證據顯示星蟲動物在早期幼蟲階段時，其基本神經分割（英语：rudimentary neural segmentation）（rudimentary neural segmentation）跟其他環節動物很相似，儘管這些特徵在牠們成長後都消失了[4]。 以下詳列星蟲動物最普及的分類： 革囊星虫纲(Phascolosomatidea) 盾管星虫目(Aspidosiphoniformes) 盾管星虫科(Aspidosiphonidae) 革囊星虫目(Phascolosomatiformes) 革囊星虫科(Phascolosomatidae) 方格星虫纲(Sipunculidea) 戈芬星虫目(Golfingiiformes) 戈芬星虫科(Golfingiidae) 倭革囊星虫科(Phascolionidae) 枝触星虫科(Themistidae) 方格星虫目(Sipunculiformes) 方格星虫科(Sipunculidae) 食用 福建的土筍凍 菲律賓宿霧的醃星蟲肉 部分种类可食用。以沙虫为原料制作的菜肴，在福建、广东、广西、台湾和海南等地沿海均有分布，是著名海鲜之一。海上絲綢之路的起點泉州著名小吃土筍凍即由可口革囊星蟲（Phascolosoma esculenta）製成。這道菜亦隨着海上絲綢之路傳往沿途的地方，例如：菲律賓的米沙鄢地區，但烹調方法有點不同
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Article
12 sectionsContents
- Taxonomy
- Anatomy
- Digestive system
- Circulation
- Nervous system
- Distribution and habitat
- Reproduction
- Behaviour
- Fossil record
- As food
- References
- External links
The Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a class containing about 162 species of marine annelid worms, that have secondarily lost their segmentation. Sipuncula was once considered a phylum of unsegmented worms, but was demoted to a class of Annelida, based on recent molecular work.
Sipunculans vary in size but most species are under in length. The body is divided into an unsegmented, bulbous trunk and a narrower, anterior section, called the "introvert", which can be retracted into the trunk. The mouth is at the tip of the introvert and is surrounded in most groups by a ring of short tentacles. With no hard parts, the body is flexible and mobile. Although found in a range of habitats throughout the world's oceans, the majority of species live in shallow water habitats, burrowing under the surface of sandy and muddy substrates. Others live under stones, in rock crevices or in other concealed locations.