substituent group
Sign in to saveAlso known as side chain, side group, substituted, substituent, substituent atom, group
In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule.
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Encyclopedic overview
7 sectionsContents
- Nomenclature
- Methane substituents
- Notation
- Statistical distribution
- See also
- Notes
- References
In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule.
The suffix -yl is used when naming organic compounds that contain a single bond replacing one hydrogen; -ylidene and -ylidyne are used with double bonds and triple bonds, respectively. In addition, when naming hydrocarbons that contain a substituent, positional numbers are used to indicate which carbon atom the substituent attaches to when such information is needed to distinguish between isomers. Substituents can be a combination of the inductive effect and the mesomeric effect. Such effects are also described as electron-rich and electron withdrawing. Additional steric effects result from the volume occupied by a substituent.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “substituent group” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.