Also known as Syrian Arab Republic, Surya
Staat in Vorderasien
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thumb|450px|Visa policy of Syria. Countries in mint can receive visas on arrival. Gray countries require advanced permission; Israeli passport holders cannot enter.
thumb|Krak des Chevaliers
Ancient cities such as Damascus, Aleppo, Palmyra, Crac des Chevaliers and Bosra including Medieval souqs. In Hama there are the Al Aasi Water Wheels in a river (نواعير نهر العاصي). Al Hosn Castle in Homs. Qala'at Samaan (Basilica of St Simeon Stylites) about 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Aleppo and the oldest surviving Byzantine church, dating back to the 5th century. This church is popularly known as either Qalaat Semaan (Arabic: قلعة سمعان Qalʿat Simʿān), the 'Fortress of Simeon', or Deir Semaan (Arabic: دير سمعان Dayr Simʿān), the 'Monastery of Simeon' . Tartous with its Crusader-era Templar fortress The Yarmouk Valley Endless desert and countryside in much of the country Mountain ranges in the west of the country
thumb|Fatoush
Falafel, deep-fried chickpea patties, are available. Another popular vegetarian meal is Foul. Don't let the name put you off. It's pronounced "fool," and this fava bean paste – topped with cumin, paprika, and olive oil and served with flatbread, fresh mint, and onion – is tasty, satisfying, and filling.
You may also order a salad of Fatoush with your soup. Chopped tomatoes, onions, cucumbers, and herbs are mixed in a dressing and finished with a sprinkling of fried bread resembling croutons. Cheese may also be grated on top.
Syrians also have a well-honed sweet tooth, with its desserts being largely similar to that of Lebanon, Jordan and the Palestinians. Syria is particularly known for its local style of ice cream, with Damascus ice cream shop Bakdash having been continuously in business for over a century. Other Syrian desserts to try include baklava, a pastry made of filo dough, nuts and syrup, and knafeh, made of kataifi and cheese.
Fresh fruit juices are available from street stalls in most towns, such as mixed juice (usually banana, orange juice, and a few exotic fruits like pomegranate).
Beer is cheap. Syrian wine can be found, and Lebanese and French wines are also available in a higher price bracket.
Syrien (amtlich Arabische Republik Syrien, arabisch الجمهورية العربية السورية al-Dschumhūriyya al-ʿarabiyya as-sūriyya) ist ein Staat in Vorderasien und Teil des Maschrek. Syrien grenzt im Süden an Israel und Jordanien, im Westen an den Libanon und das Mittelmeer, im Norden an die Türkei und im Osten an den Irak. Mit rund 185.000 km² ist Syrien ungefähr halb so groß wie Deutschland. Aufgrund des Bürgerkrieges und dessen andauernder politisch-gesellschaftlicher Verwerfungen ist Syrien heute als zusammengehöriges, souveränes Staatsgebilde allerdings nicht mehr existent. 2010, also vor Ausbruch des Bürgerkriegs, lebten knapp 21 Mio. Menschen im Land – überwiegend sunnitische Muslime –, die meisten in Aleppo, Damaskus, Homs, Hama und Latakia. Es gibt im Land acht staatliche und mehrere private Universitäten, darunter die deutsch-syrische Wadi International University. Wirtschaftlich sind für Syrien die Landwirtschaft, die Förderung und der Export von Erdöl sowie die Erzeugung von Textilien und Nahrungsmitteln bedeutend. Durch den Bürgerkrieg brach die Wirtschaftsleistung jedoch stark ein, die Syrische Lira unterlag zeitweise einer starken Inflation. Die 63 v. Chr. begründete römische Provinz Syria war reich und bedeutend, nach Beginn der Islamisierung ab 634 wechselte das Gebiet zwischen Herrschaftsansprüchen. Die Syrische Republik wurde erstmals im Jahr 1930 gegründet und im Jahr 1946 unabhängig. Seit einem Staatsstreich 1963 regiert die arabisch-sozialistische Baath-Partei das Land diktatorisch, seit 1971 jeweils mit einem Mitglied der Familie al-Assad an der Spitze. Unter deren Herrschaft kommt es bis heute zu vielfältigen Verletzungen der Menschenrechte in Syrien, die international verurteilt wurden.
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Tea is served in a little glass without milk, sweetened with sugar. Add the sugar yourself, as the Syrians have a collective sweet tooth and will heap it in.
A double room in a three-star hotel costs about US$50, US$80 for four stars, and can reach US$250 in a five-star hotel.
As of March 2026, travelers are advised to avoid majority-Kurdish areas in northern Syria, particularly around Kobane (Ayn al-Arab) in northeastern Aleppo Governorate and the Hasakah-Qamishli area. These areas remain politically sensitive, with periodic tensions between local Kurdish people and Syrian government institutions, including security forces.
Most of Suwayda Governorate, including its capital, is not under the effective control of the Syrian government but is instead held by local militias. Ongoing clashes between these groups and Syrian government forces occur regularly, creating a highly unstable security situation. Travelers should avoid the area entirely due to the risk of active conflict.
Travelers should avoid all large gatherings as they may turn violent.
You could find yourself in trouble if you engage in open criticism or appraisal of whatever opinions or political measure. Your best bet is to avoid political conversations altogether to avoid any possible problems. If you engage in political discussions with Syrians, be aware that they might face intense questioning by the secret police (mukhabarat) or whatever local equivalent if you are overheard. As a general rule, always assume that you are watched. This may change as the new government starts reforms of the system – for the better or for the worse.
Since begging is common in some parts of Syria, particularly outside tourist attractions, mosques, and churches, it has been known that beggars occasion…
Healthcare in Syria is well below Western standards, and essential medication is not always available.
If you have a treatment, take it with you. Only expect to find some medicines in Syria. Ask for a "foreign" EU or US brand if you have to buy something from a pharmacy. You will have to pay a premium for that, but at least you will increase the chances of having actual medicine. According to certain local pharmacists, some products come from uncertain origins and are ineffective. Pharmacists often speak a little bit of English.
You can ask your hotel to call a doctor to visit your hotel room.
Of course, the best treatment is to stay healthy in the first place. When eating, pick busy restaurants.
Generally you can drink water from the tap. It should be safe, but ask the locals first. Tap water is free.
thumb|Old Damascus as of early 2011
Syria is a majority Muslim country with long-established Christian, Jewish and Yazidi minorities. However, the Jewish community is down to only a handful of individuals in Damascus, with the vast majority having immigrated to Israel. Historically, religious groups lived in harmony, and religion was primarily considered personal. It was inappropriate to ask someone about their faith unless you knew them well. However, this has changed since the start of the Syrian Civil War.
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