TAF1

Also known as BA2R, CCG1, CCGS, DYT3, DYT3/TAF1, KAT4, N-TAF1, NSCL2

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1, also known as transcription initiation factor TFIID 250 kDa subunit (TAFII-250) or TBP-associated factor 250 kDa (p250), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF1 gene.

Gene data

TAF1

Name: TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1
Type: protein-coding
Chromosome: X
Position: 71,366,129–71,532,374 (+)
Aliases: BA2R, CCG1, CCGS, DYT3, DYT3/TAF1, KAT4, MRXS33, N-TAF1, NSCL2, OF
Ensembl: ENSG00000147133
RefSeq RNA: NM_001286074.2, NM_001440852.1, NM_001440853.1, NM_001440854.1, NM_004606.5
RefSeq protein: NP_001273003.2, NP_001427781.1, NP_001427782.1, NP_001427783.1, NP_004597.3

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is the basal transcription factor TFIID, which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes the largest subunit of TFIID. This subunit binds to core promoter sequences encompassing the transcription start site. It also binds to activators and other transcriptional regulators, and these interactions affect the rate of transcription initiation. This subunit contains two independent protein kinase domains at the N- and C-terminals, but also possesses acetyltransferase activity and can act as a ubiquitin-activating/conjugating enzyme. Mutations in this gene result in Dystonia 3, torsion, X-linked, a dystonia-parkinsonism disorder. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. This gene is part of a complex transcription unit (TAF1/DYT3), wherein some transcript variants share exons with TAF1 as well as additional downstream DYT3 exons. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2013].

Pathways

Basal transcription factors - Homo sapiens (human)Adaptive Immune System HIV Life Cycle Late Phase of HIV Life Cycle HIV Infection Disease HIV Transcription Initiation RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape Transcription of the HIV genome Immune System

via MyGene.info

Gene · Ensembl

TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1

Symbol: TAF1
Biotype: Protein coding
Organism: Homo sapiens
Location: Chr X:71,366,129-71,532,374
Strand: Forward (+)
Assembly: GRCh38

View on Ensembl →

via Ensembl · EMBL-EBI

~3 min read

Encyclopedic overview

7 sections

Contents

Function
Clinical significance
Interactions
See also
References
Further reading
External links

== Function == Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is the basal transcription factor TFIID, which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes the largest subunit of TFIID. This subunit binds to core promoter sequences encompassing the transcription start site. It also binds to activators and other transcriptional regulators, and these interactions affect the rate of transcription initiation. This subunit contains two independent protein kinase domains at the N and C-terminals, but also possesses acetyltransferase activity and can act as a ubiquitin-activating/conjugating enzyme. Two transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. Histones are often acetylated to open DNA for transcription. TAF1 contains two bromodomains, which each can bind one of two acetyllysine residues at position 5 and 12 in the H4 tail, to stabilize the TBP-TATA box complex.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “TAF1” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.