dystonia
Sign in to saveDystonia is a neurological hyperkinetic movement disorder in which sustained or repetitive muscle contractions occur involuntarily, resulting in twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal fixed postures. The movements may resemble a tremor. Dystonia is often intensified or exacerbated by physical activity, and symptoms may progress into adjacent muscles.
Key facts
- Medical condition (new).name
- Dystonia
- Medical condition (new).image
- Dystonia2010.JPG
- Medical condition (new).caption
- A person with medication-induced dystonia
- Medical condition (new).field
- Neurology
- Medical condition (new).complications
- physical disabilities (contractures, torticollis), pain and fatigue
- Medical condition (new).causes
- hereditary (DYT1); birth injury; head trauma; medication; infection; toxins
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
- genetic testing, electromyography, blood tests, MRI or CT scan
- Medical condition (new).treatment
- medication, physical therapy, botulinum toxin injection, deep brain stimulation
- Medical condition (new).medication
- anticholinergics, dopamine agonists
via Wikipedia infobox
Research
26,307 papers- Dystonia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2018
- Genetic Update and Treatment for Dystonia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
- Dystonia updates: definition, nomenclature, clinical classification, and etiology.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021
- Dystonia.Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2025
- Dystonia: A review.Neurology India · 2018
via PubMed
Article
18 sectionsContents
- Classification
- Focal dystonias
- Genetic/primary
- Signs and symptoms
- Causes
- Treatment
- Physical intervention
- Baclofen
- Botulinum toxin injection
- Muscle relaxants
- Ketogenic diet
- Surgery
- Non-invasive MRgFUS treatment
- Epidemiology
- History
- See also
- References
- External links
Dystonia is a neurological hyperkinetic movement disorder in which sustained or repetitive muscle contractions occur involuntarily, resulting in twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal fixed postures. The movements may resemble a tremor. Dystonia is often intensified or exacerbated by physical activity, and symptoms may progress into adjacent muscles.
The disorder may be hereditary or caused by other factors such as birth-related or other physical trauma, infection, poisoning (e.g., lead poisoning) or reaction to pharmaceutical drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or stress. Treatment must be highly customized to the needs of the individual and may include oral medications, chemodenervation botulinum neurotoxin injections, physical therapy, or other supportive therapies, and surgical procedures such as deep brain stimulation.