Monarchs who abdicated

Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was Emperor of the French from 18 May 1804 until his first abdication in 1814, with a brief restoration during the Hundred Days in 1815. He rose to prominence as a general during the French Revolution and led a series of military campaigns across Europe and North Africa during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. As a statesman, he implemented numerous legal and administrative reforms in France and Europe.

the 14th and last Emperor of Russia (1894–1917)

as King of Prussia last German Emperor from 1888 to 1918 (1859–1941)

King of Spain from 1975 to 2014

Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 to 1556 (1500–1558)

Queen of Denmark from 1972 to 2024 (born 1940)

Mary, Queen of Scots, also known as Mary Stuart or Mary I of Scotland, was Queen of Scotland from 14 December 1542 until her forced abdication on 24 July 1567.

Edward VIII, later known as the Duke of Windsor, was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication in December of the same year.

Queen of the Netherlands from 1980 to 2013 (born 1938)

Diocletian ( ; ; ; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305. He was born Diocles to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia. As with other Illyrian soldiers of the period, Diocles rose through the ranks of the military early in his career, serving under Aurelian and Probus, and eventually becoming a cavalry commander for the army of Emperor Carus. After the deaths of Carus and his son Numerian on a campaign in Persia, Diocles was proclaimed emperor by the troops, taking the name "Diocletianus". The title was also claimed by C

Cambodian monarch and politician (1922–2012)

Queen of Sweden, ruled from 1632 until abdication in 1654 (1626–1689)

sixth king of the Belgians

Emperor of Brazil (1822–31) and King of Portugal (1826)

King of the French from 1830 to 1848 (1773-1850)

King of France and of Navarre from 1824 to 1830 (1757–1836)

Reza Shah Pahlavi was Shah of Iran from 1925 to 1941 and founder of the Pahlavi dynasty. Originally an army officer, he became a politician, serving as minister of war and prime minister of Iran, and was elected shah following the deposition of Ahmad Shah, the last monarch of the Qajar dynasty.

King of Spain from 1886 to 1931 (1886–1941)

King of Spain from 1700 to 1746 (1683–1746)

Queen of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948 (1880-1962)

the eighth Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1481–1512)

Queen of Spain from 1833 to 1868

Grand Duke (head of state) of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (2000–2025)

King of Italy from 1900 to 1946

King of England from 1377 to 1399

King of Spain from 1759 to 1788

King of Lesotho since 1996

King of Afghanistan (1933-1973)

Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105

king of the Belgians from 1934 to 1951 (1901–1983)

brother of Napoleon Bonaparte; King of Naples (1806–08) and Spain (1808–13)

King of Saudi Arabia from 1953 to 1964

Austrian emperor, king of Hungary and Bohemia (1793-1875)

last king of Romania (r. 1927–1930, 1940–1947)

Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 to 1980 (1909-2004)

King of Spain from 1788 to 1808

King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1764-1795)

Italian Royal and temporary Head of State of Spain (1845–1890)

King of Egypt 1936 to 1952

Chinese military and government official (1859–1916)

king of Holland, brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, member of the House of Buonaparte (1778-1846)

Spanish bishop

Bulgarian ruler (1861–1948)

King of Bhutan from 1972–2006

King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg 1815-1840 (1772-1843)

Emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013

King of Greece (r. 1913–17; 1920–22)

King of Bavaria (1786-1868)

Emperor of Vietnam from 1926 to 1945

Prajadhipok, also known as Rama VII (8 November 1893 – 30 May 1941) was the seventh monarch of the Chakri dynasty and the last king of Siam under the absolute monarchy. He ascended the throne in 1925 and reigned until his abdication in 1935 during his self-imposed exile following his fallout with the new democratic government after the 1932 Siamese Revolution, which brought an end to the country’s absolute monarchy.

first constitutional emperor of Mexico (1783-1824)

King of Norway 1814, King of Denmark 1839-1848

former King of Nepal

King and Emir of Afghanistan (1892-1960)

King of Denmark and Norway (1768–1839)

King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1648–1668)

King of Sweden between 1792-1809 (1778–1837)

King of Jordan from 1951 to 1952

queen regnant of Sweden from 1718 to 1720 (1688–1741)

Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia (1666–1732)