Amanullah Khan
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AI overview
Amanullah Khan was the King and Emir of Afghanistan who ruled in the early 20th century and is remembered for his efforts to modernize the country and reduce its dependence on other powers. His reign mattered because he pursued significant reforms in education, law, and governance, though these changes ultimately led to internal conflict and his forced abdication in 1929.
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Key facts
- Reign
- 9 June 1926 – 14 January 1929
- Predecessor
- Himself (as Emir )
- Successor
- Inayatullah Khan
- Born
- ( 1892-06-01 ) 1 June 1892, Paghman , Emirate of Afghanistan
- Died
- 26 April 1960 (1960-04-26) (aged 67), Zurich , Switzerland
Article
Ghazi Amanullah Khan Barakzai (1 June 1892 – 26 April 1960) was Emir of Afghanistan from 1919 to 1926, and then King of Afghanistan from 1926 until his abdication in 1929. After the end of the Third Anglo-Afghan War in August 1919, Afghanistan was able to relinquish its protected state status to proclaim independence and pursue an independent foreign policy free from the influence of the United Kingdom.
Amanullah's rule was marked by dramatic political and social change, including attempts to modernize Afghanistan along Western lines. He did not fully succeed in achieving this objective due to an uprising by Habibullah Kalakani and his followers. On 14 January 1929, Amanullah abdicated and fled to neighbouring British India as the Afghan Civil War began to escalate. From British India, he went to Europe, where after 30 years in exile, he died in Zürich, Switzerland, on 26 April 1960. His body was brought to Afghanistan and buried in Jalalabad near his father Habibullah Khan's tomb.
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1892 births1960 deaths20th-century Afghan monarchs20th-century Afghan politiciansAfghan Civil War (1928–1929)Afghan critics of religionsAfghan exilesAfghan Sunni MuslimsAmanullah KhanBarakzai dynastyCommandeurs of the Ordre des Palmes AcadémiquesEmirs of AfghanistanGrand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal)