Product management

A copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive legal right to copy, distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, educational, or musical form. Copyright is intended to protect the original expression of an idea in the form of a creative work, but not the idea itself. A copyright is subjected to limitations based on public interest considerations, such as the fair use doctrine in the United States and fair dealing doctrine in the United Kingdom.

thumb|upright=0.7|alt=graphic of a lightbulb|A picture of an incandescent light bulb, a symbol associated with the formation of an [[idea, an example of creativity]]

thumb|Thomas Edison with [[phonograph in the late 1870s. Edison was one of the most prolific inventors in history, holding 1,093 U.S. patents in his name.]]

A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark) is a type of intellectual property that consists of a word, phrase, symbol, design, or combination thereof that identifies a product or service from a particular source and distinguishes it from others. Trademarks also extend to non-traditional marks like drawings, symbols, 3D shapes like product designs or packaging, sounds, scents, or specific colors used to create a unique identity. For example, Pepsi is a registered trademark associated with soft drinks, and the distinctive shape of the Coca-Cola bottle is a registered trademark protectin

thumb|right|alt=Photograph of the Apple Store Omotesando in Tokyo, Japan|Apple Inc. was the world's most valuable brand in 2024 according to Brand Finance. thumb|The Coca-Cola [[wordmark is a distinctive brand logo used to attract the attention of people attending a sporting event, or watching it on television.]]

the practice of initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing the work of a team to achieve specific goals and meet specific success criteria at the specified time

anything that can be offered to a market

non-inferiority or superiority of something; a perceptual, conditional, and somewhat subjective attribute that may be understood differently by different people

Packaging is the science, art, and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and for personal use.

use of art and science to improve the aesthetics and usability of a product

statistical method used to describe correlation through fewer possibly latent variables

technological innovation that creates a new market and eventually disrupts an existing market and value network, displacing established market-leading firms, products, and alliances

BCG MATRIX

theory

type of chart

overall image of a corporation, firm or business in the minds of diverse publics, such as customers, investors and employees

name which a business trades under for commercial purposes

a marketing strategy to define the place a brand occupies in the minds of customers and how it distinguishes from competitor products

trademark or brand name that has become the generic name for a class of product or service, sometimes resulting in loss of legal protection

group of techniques to quickly construct physical objects

successive marketing strategies as a product goes through its commericial appeal life-cycle

process of distinguishing unique products or services

statistical process control tool

In the automotive industry, rebadging (also known as badge engineering, an intentionally ironic misnomer in that little or no actual engineering takes place) is a form of market segmentation used by automobile manufacturers around the world. To allow for product differentiation without designing or engineering a new model or brand (at high cost or risk), a manufacturer creates a distinct automobile by applying a new "badge" or trademark (brand, logo, or manufacturer's name/make/marque) to an existing product line.

organizational function within a company dealing with new product development, business justification, planning, verification, forecasting, pricing, product launch, and marketing of a product or products at all stages of the product lifecycle

thumb|Air Line Diner on Astoria Boulevard, Queens, New York City, partially rebranded as Jackson Hole Diner

Obsolescence is the process of becoming antiquated, out of date, old-fashioned, no longer in general use, no longer useful, or superseded by innovation, or the condition of being in such a state. When used in a biological sense, it means imperfect or rudimentary when compared with the corresponding part of other organisms. The international standard IEC 62402:2019 Obsolescence Management defines obsolescence as the "transition from available to unavailable from the manufacturer in accordance with the original specification".

A turnkey project (or turnkey operation) is one constructed so it can be sold to a buyer as a completed product. This is contrasted with build to order, where the constructor builds an item to the buyer's exact specifications, or when an incomplete product is sold with the assumption that the buyer would complete it.

the product of an interaction between an organization and a customer over the duration of their relationship

product total life in use from the point of sale to the point of discard

several products combined for sale as one product

early stage product design and development technique

model

profession involving investigating and driving the development of products

technique used in brand marketing and product management

statistical method

practices and tools for collecting, organizing and acting upon the information required to market and sell products

use of flexible computer-aided manufacturing systems to produce custom output

Commercialisation or commercialization is the process of introducing a new product or production method into commerce—making it available on the market. The term often connotes especially entry into the mass market (as opposed to entry into earlier niche markets), but it also includes a move from the laboratory into (even limited) commerce. Many technologies begin in a research and development laboratory or in an inventor's workshop and may not be practical for commercial use in their infancy (as prototypes). The "development" segment of the "research and development" spectrum requires time an

A gimmick is a novel device or idea designed primarily to attract attention or increase appeal, often with little intrinsic value. When applied to retail marketing, it is a unique or quirky feature designed to make a product or service "stand out" from its competitors. Product gimmicks are sometimes considered mere novelties, and tangential to the product's functioning. Gimmicks are occasionally viewed negatively, but some seemingly trivial gimmicks of the past have evolved into useful, permanent features. In video games, the term is also sometimes used to describe unusual features or playstyl

comparison of actual performance with potential or desired performance, in order to optimize organization and business processes, or product characteristics

trademark used to identify a service rather than a tangible good

marketing practice involving the use of a single brand name for the sale of two or more related products

sociological model that describes the adoption or acceptance of a new product or innovation

concept in retailing

total cost of ownership over the life of an asset

centralized management of the processes, methods, and technologies used by project managers and project management offices to analyze and collectively manage current or proposed projects based on numerous key characteristics

document containing all the requirements for a certain product, typically used for software projects

length of time it takes from a product being conceived to its being available for sale

theory of product development and customer satisfaction

Eco-innovation is the development of products and processes that contribute to sustainable development, applying the commercial application of knowledge to elicit direct or indirect ecological improvements. This includes a range of related ideas, from environmentally friendly technological advances to socially acceptable innovative paths towards sustainability. The field of research that seeks to explain how, why, and at what rate new "ecological" ideas and technology spread is called eco-innovation diffusion. thumb|A seat made from waste containing cartons, foams, and PET bottles

stages of research and development, ascent, maturity, and decline of new technological innovations

preview release of a product or service to a limited audience prior to the general public

marketing strategy of offering several related products for sale simultaneously

sustainable packaging is an integral part of the "circular economy". Eco-friendly packaging uses raw materials and then restores them to their origins, minimizing waste of precious resources – like water and energy – necessary for their production

IT Marketing Research Technique

discipline of deciding what a product will be called

limited population for market study

marketing-field focusing on messaging, go-to-market flow, and promotion of a product