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Address Resolution Protocol
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telecommunications protocol used for resolution of network layer addresses
~14 min read
Encyclopedic overview
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol for discovering the link layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with an internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. The protocol, part of the Internet protocol suite, was defined in 1982 by RFC 826, which is Internet Standard STD 37.
ARP enables a host to send, for example, an IPv4 packet to another node in the local network by providing a protocol to get the MAC address associated with an IP address. The host broadcasts a request containing the target node's IP address, and the node with that IP address replies with its MAC address.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Address Resolution Protocol” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.