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آمونیاک

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Also known as azane, hydrogen nitride, nitrogen hydride, ammine, volatile alkali, anhydrous ammonia, ammonia gas

ترکیبی از گازهای نیتروژن (N²) و هیدروژن(H²) است

OverviewAI-generated

Ammonia is a chemical compound with the formula NH₃, also known by the IUPAC name azane. It has a molecular weight of 17.031 and a standard enthalpy of formation of -45.94. The substance possesses a canonical SMILES string of "N" and an InChIKey of QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N. Its electric dipole moment is 1.471, and it has a topological polar surface area of 1.

Ammonia melts at -108 and -77.74, and boils at -28, -33.4, and -33.33. It has a density of 0.7625 and a speed of sound of 415. The vapor pressure is 8.5, and its solubility is 34. It is flammable with a lower limit of 15 and an upper limit of 28, with an autoignition temperature of 651. The pKa is 9.21, and the ionization energy is 10.18.

Exposure limits include a time-weighted average and short-term limit of 50, with an immediately dangerous to life or health level of 300. The minimal lethal dose is 132. The NIOSH Pocket Guide ID is "0028". In literature, there are 85,683 PubMed entries for ammonia, and it is referenced by 3,726 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 36 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: H3N
Molecular weight: 17.031 g/mol
IUPAC name: azane
SMILES: N
InChIKey: QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP: -0.7
Polar surface area: 1 Å²
H-bond donors: 1
H-bond acceptors: 1
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Drug data · ChEMBL

Max clinical phase: Approved
Molecule type: Small molecule
First approval: 2007
Admin. routes: parenteral

via ChEMBL · EBI

Research

85,683 papers

Ammonia in liver diseases: A glimpse into the controversies and consensus.ReviewArab journal of gastroenterology : the official publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology · 2024Sarin Zacharia G, Jacob ADOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2024.07.016
Ammonia Measurement in the IVC Microenvironment.ReviewJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2019Morrow RB, Wiler RJDOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-18-000006
Serum Ammonia in Cirrhosis: Clinical Impact of Hyperammonemia, Utility of Testing, and National Testing Trends.ReviewClinical therapeutics · 2022Deutsch-Link S, Moon AM, Jiang Y et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.01.008
Ammonia toxicity in fish.ReviewMarine pollution bulletin · 2002Randall DJ, Tsui TKDOI: 10.1016/s0025-326x(02)00227-8
Ammonia and aquatic ecosystems - A review of global sources, biogeochemical cycling, and effects on fish.ReviewThe Science of the total environment · 2024Edwards TM, Puglis HJ, Kent DB et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167911
Symbiotic Ammonia Oxidation in the Marine Environment.ReviewAnnual review of marine science · 2026Thomas T, Garritano ANDOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-040824-032008
Ammonia transport by terrestrial and aquatic insects.ReviewJournal of insect physiology · 2012Weihrauch D, Donini A, O'Donnell MJDOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.11.005
Ammonia metabolism in exercise and fatigue: a review.ReviewMedicine and science in sports and exercise · 1983Mutch BJ, Banister EW

Wikidata facts

Subclass of: azane
Has part: hydrogen
Mass: 17.03
Autonomy: 651
Has use: industrial gas

Show 34 more facts

conjugate acid: ammonium cation
Commons category: Ammonia
melting point: -77.74
found in taxon: Cannabis sativa
canonical SMILES: N
boiling point: -33.33
NIOSH Pocket Guide ID: 0028
speed of sound: 415
immediately dangerous to life or health: 300
vapor pressure: 8.5
solubility: 34
lower flammable limit: 15
upper flammable limit: 28
ionization energy: 10.16
time-weighted average exposure limit: 50
described by source: Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
short-term exposure limit: 20
pKa: 9.21
minimal lethal dose: 132
chemical formula: NH₃
topic's main category: Category:Ammonia
standard enthalpy of formation: -45.94
conjugate base: amide ion
density: 0.7625
standard molar entropy: 192.5
fabrication method: Haber-Bosch process
discoverer or inventor: Joseph Priestley
on focus list of Wikimedia project: WikiProject Climate change
subject has role: primary metabolite
electric dipole moment: 1.471
global warming potential: 0
ozone depletion potential: 0
minimal lethal concentration: 3317
median lethal concentration (LC50): 2000

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