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Also known as B, element 5, boracium, ₅B

Boron is a chemical element; it has symbol B and atomic number 5. In its crystalline form it is a brittle, dark, lustrous metalloid; in its amorphous form it is a brown powder. As the lightest element of the boron group it has three valence electrons for forming covalent bonds, resulting in many compounds such as boric acid, the mineral sodium borate, and the ultra-hard crystals of boron carbide and boron nitride.

OverviewAI-generated

Boron is a chemical element with the symbol B and atomic number 5. Its electron configuration is [He] 2s² 2p¹. The element has a mass of 10.81 and an electronegativity of 2. It typically exhibits an oxidation state of 3.

The substance has a density of 2080, a melting point of 2180, and a boiling point of 4000. Its ultimate tensile strength is 5700. Boron was discovered on 1808-06-30 and again in 1892. The canonical SMILES representation is [B], and the Unicode character is 硼.

In chemical databases, boron is identified by CID 5462311 and InChIKey ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N. It has a topological polar surface area of 0, with no hydrogen bond donors or acceptors. The element is referenced by 1,778 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 28 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: B
Molecular weight: 10.81 g/mol
IUPAC name: boron
SMILES: [B]
InChIKey: ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

52,856 papers

Next generation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents for cancer treatment.ReviewMedicinal research reviews · 2023Coghi P, Li J, Hosmane NS et al.DOI: 10.1002/med.21964
Boron in cancer therapeutics: An overview.ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Kulkarni S, Bhandary D, Singh Y et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108548
Boron-containing carbonic anhydrases inhibitors.ReviewBioorganic chemistry · 2024Giovannuzzi S, Nikitjuka A, Pereira Resende BR et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106976
Boron Chemistry for Medical Applications.ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Ali F, S Hosmane N, Zhu YDOI: 10.3390/molecules25040828
Boron enabled bioconjugation chemistries.ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2024Zheng M, Kong L, Gao JDOI: 10.1039/d4cs00750f
Boron.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Nielsen FH, Eckhert CDDOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz110
Stimuli-Responsive Boron-Based Materials in Drug Delivery.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Das BC, Chokkalingam P, Masilamani P et al.DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032757
Boron enhances adaptive responses and biological performance via hormetic mechanisms.ReviewChemico-biological interactions · 2023Calabrese E, Pressman P, Agathokleous E et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110432

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