cell

Also known as cellular entity, individual cell, single cell

basic structural and functional unit of all organisms

OverviewAI-generated

A cell is an anatomical structure and a part of tissue. It is characterized by its cell cycle, cell type, and cell potency. The term was named by Robert Hooke. The subject is studied by the fields of cytology and cell biology.

The topic is included in the main category of Category:Cells and has a Commons category titled "Cells". It is maintained by WikiProject Anatomy. The subject appears on the focus list of the Wikipedia:List of articles all languages should have and Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4. It is described by the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary and the Granat Encyclopedic Dictionary.

In academic literature, the query "cell" yields a count of 9000441 in PubMed. Additionally, the subject is referenced by 3,372 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 13 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Research

9,000,441 papers

Cell Cycle Regulation of Stem Cells by MicroRNAs.ReviewStem cell reviews and reports · 2018Mens MMJ, Ghanbari MDOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9808-y
Culture of Adherent Cancer Cell Lines.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Noel V, Berry MDDOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2376-3_3
Single-cell transcriptomics applied to emigrating cells from psoriasis elucidate pathogenic versus regulatory immune cell subsets.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Kim J, Lee J, Kim HJ et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.021
Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability.Current protocols in immunology · 2001Strober WDOI: 10.1002/0471142735.ima03bs21
Cell Fusion and Syncytia Formation in Cancer.ReviewResults and problems in cell differentiation · 2024Sieler M, Dittmar TDOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_20
Cell cycle regulation for meiosis in mammalian germ cells.ReviewThe Journal of reproduction and development · 2023Shimada R, Ishiguro KIDOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-010
Stem cell homing: From physiology to therapeutics.ReviewStem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2020Liesveld JL, Sharma N, Aljitawi OSDOI: 10.1002/stem.3242
Calcium wave propagation during cell extrusion.ReviewCurrent opinion in cell biology · 2022Matsui TDOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.102083

via PubMed

~40 min read

Encyclopedic overview

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life or organisms. The term comes from the Latin word cellula meaning 'small room'. A biological cell basically consists of a semipermeable cell membrane enclosing cytoplasm that contains genetic material. Most cells are only visible under a microscope. Except for highly-differentiated cell types (examples include red blood cells and gametes) most cells are capable of replication, and protein synthesis. Some types of cell are motile. Cells emerged on Earth about four billion years ago.

All organisms are grouped into prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are single-celled and include archaea and bacteria. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular, and include protists, plants, animals, most species of fungi, and some species of algae. All multicellular organisms are made up of many different types of cell. The diploid cells that make up the body of a plant or animal are known as somatic cells, which excludes the haploid gametes.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “cell” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.