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computer

Also known as general-purpose computer, computers

A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation). Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs, which enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. The term computer system may refer to a nominally complete computer that includes the hardware, operating system, software, and peripheral equipment needed and used for full operation, or to a group of computers that are linked and function together, such as a computer network or computer cluster.

OverviewAI-generated

A computer is an invention and machine that functions as a computing platform, information processor, and data terminal equipment. It utilizes electronics, mechanical energy, and electricity. The subject includes parts such as input-output devices, software, computer hardware, and computer keyboards. It is distinct from calculators, central processing units, computer monitors, and computing.

The computer was discovered or invented by Charles Babbage in 1945. It is studied by computer science and exhibits characteristics including computer configuration, class of computers, computer performance, and computer interface. The topic is categorized under Computers and is maintained by WikiProject Computer Science, WikiProject Computing, WikiProject Software, and WikiProject Engineering. It appears on focus lists for Wikipedia articles and has social media followers totaling 175367.

Synthesized by Vinony from 22 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Research

2,494,601 papers

Canonical circuit computations for computer vision.ReviewBiological cybernetics · 2023Schmid D, Jarvers C, Neumann HDOI: 10.1007/s00422-023-00966-9
Computer-assisted structure-activity correlations.ReviewAdvances in pharmacology and chemotherapy · 1984Nasr M, Paull KD, Narayanan VLDOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60266-5
Computer State Evaluation Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Buriboev A, Muminov ADOI: 10.3390/s22239502
The regulatory genome and the computer.ReviewDevelopmental biology · 2007Istrail S, De-Leon SB, Davidson EHDOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.08.009
A computer-aided tool for automatic volume estimation of hematoma using non-contrast brain CT scans.Biomedical physics & engineering express · 2023Nag MK, Koley S, Sadhu AK et al.DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acd256
Miscellaneous Topics in Computer-Aided Drug Design: Synthetic Accessibility and GPU Computing, and Other Topics.ReviewCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2016Fukunishi Y, Mashimo T, Misoo K et al.DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160414142547
A comparative approach for the investigation of biological information processing: an examination of the structure and function of computer hard drives and DNA.ReviewTheoretical biology & medical modelling · 2010D'Onofrio DJ, An GDOI: 10.1186/1742-4682-7-3
Molecular Computing and Bioinformatics.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Liang X, Zhu W, Lv Z et al.DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132358

via PubMed

~66 min read

Encyclopedic overview

46 sections

Contents

Etymology
History
Pre-20th century
First computer
Electromechanical calculating machine
Analog computers
Digital computers
Electromechanical
Vacuum tubes and digital electronic circuits
Modern computers
Concept of modern computer
Stored programs
Transistors
Integrated circuits
Mobile computers
Types
By architecture
By size, form-factor and purpose
Unconventional computers
Hardware
History of computing hardware
Other hardware topics
Input devices
Output devices
Control unit
Central processing unit (CPU)
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Memory
Input/output (I/O)
Multitasking
Multiprocessing
Software
Programs
Stored program architecture
Machine code
Programming language
Program design
Bugs
Networking and the Internet
Artificial intelligence
Professions and organizations
See also
Notes
References
Sources
External links

A broad range of industrial and consumer products use computers as control systems, including simple special-purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls, and factory devices like industrial robots. Computers are at the core of general-purpose devices such as personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones. Computers power the Internet, which links billions of computers and users.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “computer” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.