File:Correlation_examples2.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
相関関係
Sign in to saveAlso known as correlation and dependence, dependence, positive correlation, negative correlation, association, correlation of data
thumb|400px|right|Several sets of (x, y) points, with the Pearson correlation coefficient of x and y for each set. The correlation reflects the noisiness and direction of a linear relationship (top row), but not the slope of that relationship (middle), nor many aspects of nonlinear relationships (bottom). N.B.: the figure in the center has a slope of 0 but in that case, the correlation coefficient is undefined because the variance of Y is zero.
Correlation measures how closely two variables move together in a linear fashion, telling you both the strength and direction of their relationship. It matters because it helps you quickly identify whether two things tend to rise and fall together or move in opposite directions, though it won't tell you how steep that relationship is or whether the connection is actually caused by one variable affecting the other.
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Research
2,679,331 papers- Psychological correlates of university students' academic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological bulletin · 2012Richardson M, Abraham C, Bond RDOI: 10.1037/a0026838
- Inclusion body myositis: correlation of clinical outcomes with histopathology, electromyography and laboratory findings.ReviewRheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2022Pinto MV, Laughlin RS, Klein CJ et al.DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab754
- Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and clinical outcomes after cartilage repair surgery in the knee: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The American journal of sports medicine · 2013Blackman AJ, Smith MV, Flanigan DC et al.DOI: 10.1177/0363546513485931
- CORRELATION STUDY BETWEEN DRUSEN MORPHOLOGY AND FUNDUS AUTOFLUORESCENCE.Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021Flores R, Carneiro A, Serra J et al.DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000002881
- Correlation of telomere length in brain tissue with peripheral tissues in living human subjects.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Carver AJ, Hing B, Elser BA et al.DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1303974
- Clinical Correlation Between Vertical Gaze Palsy and Midbrain Volume in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society · 2022Buch KA, Bouffard MA, Kardon RH et al.DOI: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001393
- Correlation of Body Mass Index with Epidermal Biophysical Properties Varies with Gender in Chinese.Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2022Ye L, Lai Q, Wen S et al.DOI: 10.1159/000524295
- Correlation between trait emotional intelligence and prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Medicine · 2023Fukumoto T, Amitani H, Nishi R et al.DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034418
via PubMed
Article · 日本語
相関(そうかん 英:correlation)とは、一方が変化すれば他方も変化するように相互に関係しあうことであり、数学や物理学においては二つの変量や現象がある程度相互に規則的に関係を保って変化することをいう。因果性はあっても無くても構わない。広義には、統計的に何らかの関連性があることを言うが、実際には二変数における線形性相関の程度を指す。例えば「親の身長が高いほうが子供の身長も高い」「勉強時間が長いほうがテストの成績も上がる」などの傾向が身近な相関現象である。 相関は、実践で活用できる予測的な関係性を示してくれるため実用性がある。例えば、電気事業者は電力需要と天候との相関関係に基づいて、過ごしやすい気温の日には電力を少なめに発電したりもする。この例では、猛暑や厳寒といった極端な天候は人々が大量に電気を使う原因となるため因果関係にあたる。ただし一般には、相関があっても因果関係があるとは言い切れない(すなわち相関関係は因果関係を含意しない)。 本質的に相関とは、2つ以上の変数が互いにどの程度関わり合っているかの尺度である。幾種類かの相関係数があり、多くの場合またはで表記される。統計学では、主に二変数の線形性相関に着目して関係性の強弱を係数で表しており、その最も一般的な尺度がピアソンの積率相関係数である(より堅牢なスピアマンの順位相関係数などは非線形相関にも対応する)。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA
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