antipsychotics
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Key facts
- Drug class.Image
- Aripiprazole molecule from xtal ball.png
- Drug class.Synonyms
- Neuroleptics, major tranquilizers
- Drug class.Caption
- Aripiprazole, the prototypical third-generation atypical antipsychotic
- Drug class.Use
- Principally: Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, dementia, Tourette syndrome, bipolar disorder, irritability in autism spectrum disorder, borderline personality disorder
- Drug class.MeshID
- D014150
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
55 sectionsContents
- Medical uses
- Schizophrenia
- Prevention of psychosis and symptom improvement
- First-episode psychosis
- Recurrent psychotic episodes
- Maintenance therapy
- Bipolar disorder
- Dementia
- Major depressive disorder
- Other
- Typicals vs atypicals
- Other uses
- Adverse effects
- By rate
- Clozapine
- Long-term effects
- Discontinuation
- Antipsychotic switching
- List of agents
- First-generation (typical)
- Butyrophenones
- Diphenylbutylpiperidines
- Phenothiazines
- Thioxanthenes
- Disputed/unknown
- Benzamides
- Tricyclics
- Others
- Second-generation (atypical)
- Benzamides
- Benzisoxazoles/benzisothiazoles
- Butyrophenones
- Tricyclics
- Others
- Third-generation
- Butyrophenone(s)
- Phenylpiperazines/quinolinones/benzoxazinones
- Muscarinic agonists
- Mechanism of action
- Comparison of medications
- History
- Society and culture
- Terminology
- Sales
- Overprescription
- Legal
- Formulations
- Recreational use
- Controversy
- Special populations
- See also
- Notes
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Antipsychotics, previously known as neuroleptics and major tranquilizers, are a class of psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), principally in schizophrenia but also in a range of other psychotic disorders. Together with mood stabilizers, they are also a mainstay in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Moreover, they are also used as adjuncts in the treatment of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder.
The use of antipsychotics may result in many unwanted side-effects such as involuntary movement disorders, gynecomastia, impotence, weight-gain and metabolic syndrome. Long-term use can produce adverse effects such as tardive dyskinesia, tardive dystonia, tardive akathisia, and brain-tissue volume-reduction. Withdrawal from antipsychotics can cause insomnia, tremors, and psychotic symptoms.