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Enthalpy () is the sum of a thermodynamic system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume. It is a state function in thermodynamics used in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at a constant external pressure, which is conveniently provided by Earth's ambient atmosphere. The pressure–volume term expresses the work W that was done against constant external pressure P_\text{ext} to establish the system's physical dimensions from V_\text{system, initial}=0 to some final volume V_\text{system, final} (as W=P_\text{ext}\Delta V), i.e. to make room for
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Enthalpy is a measurement that combines a system's internal energy with the energy needed to make room for it at a given pressure and volume. Scientists use enthalpy to track energy changes in chemical, biological, and physical systems, especially when they occur at the constant atmospheric pressure of Earth's surface.
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- Physical quantity.name
- Enthalpy
- Physical quantity.unit
- joule
- Physical quantity.symbols
- H
- Physical quantity.baseunits
- kg⋅m2⋅s−2
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