fuel cell
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A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy directly into electricity through a chemical reaction, typically by combining hydrogen fuel with oxygen. Fuel cells matter because they can generate power cleanly and efficiently for applications like vehicles and power generation, producing only water as a byproduct when hydrogen is used.
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Demonstration model of a direct methanol fuel cell (black layered cube) in its enclosure Scheme of a proton-conducting fuel cell
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually comes from substances that are already present in the battery. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as fuel and oxygen are supplied.