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Also known as Ga, element 31, 31Ga

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OverviewAI-generated

Gallium is a chemical element with the symbol Ga and atomic number 31. It has a mass of 69.723 and a density of 6.095. The element exhibits an electronegativity of 1.81 and an ionic radius of 0.62. Its primary oxidation state is 3.

The substance was discovered in 1875. It is represented by the canonical SMILES string "[Ga]" and the Unicode character "鎵". In chemical contexts, it is identified by the formula Ga. The element has a topological polar surface area of 0 and involves zero hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, with a net charge of 0.

Synthesized by Vinony from 25 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Ga
Molecular weight: 69.723 g/mol
IUPAC name: gallium
SMILES: [Ga]
InChIKey: GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

22,904 papers

Gallium Liquid Metal: Nanotoolbox for Antimicrobial Applications.ReviewACS nano · 2023Truong VK, Hayles A, Bright R et al.DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06486
Gallium Complexes as Anticancer Drugs.ReviewMetal ions in life sciences · 2018Chitambar CRDOI: 10.1515/9783110470734-016
Liquid Metal Gallium Pharmaceuticals.ReviewTheranostics · 2025Wang D, Xu W, Liu Y et al.DOI: 10.7150/thno.116184
Gallium containing calcium phosphates: Potential antibacterial agents or fictitious truth.ReviewActa biomaterialia · 2022Mosina M, Kovrlija I, Stipniece L et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.063
Evolution of gallium applications in medicine and microbiology: a timeline.ReviewBiometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022de Assis ASJ, Pegoraro GM, Duarte ICSDOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00406-4
Gallium in cancer treatment.ReviewCurrent topics in medicinal chemistry · 2004Jakupec MA, Keppler BKDOI: 10.2174/1568026043387449
Gallium nitrate.ReviewThe Annals of pharmacotherapy · 1992Hughes TE, Hansen LADOI: 10.1177/106002809202600310
Gallium and its competing roles with iron in biological systems.ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta · 2016Chitambar CRDOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.04.027

Wikidata facts

Subclass of: post-transition metal
Part of: group 13
Named after: Gaul
Material used: gallite
Mass: 69.723
Image: Gallium crystals.jpg

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described by source: Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
discoverer or inventor: Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran
element symbol: Ga
Commons category: Gallium
topic's main category: Category:Gallium
atomic number: 31
electronegativity: 1.81
oxidation state: 3
Commons gallery: Gallium
canonical SMILES: [Ga]
chemical formula: Ga
density: 6.095
time of discovery or invention: 1875-00-00
Unicode character: 鎵
has effect: embrittlement
different from: Gal
ionic radius: 0.62
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4

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