French mathematician, inventor of descriptive geometry and father of differential geometry (1746-1818)
Gaspard Monge was a French mathematician who lived from 1746 to 1818 and developed descriptive geometry, a method for representing three-dimensional objects on two-dimensional surfaces. His work laid the foundation for modern technical drawing and engineering design, making him a crucial figure in the history of both mathematics and practical applied sciences.
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Gaspard Monge, Comte de Péluse ( French: [ɡaspaʁ mɔ̃ʒ kɔ̃t də pelyz]; 9 May 1746 – 28 July 1818) was a French mathematician, commonly presented as the inventor of descriptive geometry, (the mathematical basis of) technical drawing, and the father of differential geometry.
He contributed alongside chemist Berthollet, chemist and physician Chaptal, and polymath Laplace to the establishment of Arts et Métiers ParisTech.
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