gastroparesis
Sign in to saveAlso known as gastric atonia (disorder), gastric atonia, delayed gastric emptying, gastroparalysis, gastroparesis syndrome (disorder) [Ambiguous], gastroparesis syndrome
Gastroparesis (gastro- from Ancient Greek – gaster, "stomach"; and -paresis, πάρεσις – "partial paralysis") is a medical disorder of ineffective neuromuscular contractions (peristalsis) of the stomach, resulting in food and liquid remaining in the stomach for a prolonged period. Stomach contents thus exit more slowly into the duodenum of the digestive tract, a medical sign called delayed gastric emptying. The opposite of this, where stomach contents exit quickly into the duodenum, is called dumping syndrome.
Key facts
- Medical condition (new).name
- Gastroparesis
- Medical condition (new).pronounce
- (/,ɡæstroʊ,pəˈriːsɪs/)
- Medical condition (new).image
- GastroparesisXray.jpg
- Medical condition (new).caption
- Simple abdominal X-ray shows gastric distension with a large amount of material in the stomach, suggesting severe gastric hypomotility
- Medical condition (new).field
- Gastroenterology
- Medical condition (new).symptoms
- Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, feeling full after consuming very little ("early satiety")
- Medical condition (new).complications
- Malnutrition, fatigue, weight loss, vitamin deficiencies, intestinal obstruction due to bezoars, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, Anorexia
- Medical condition (new).causes
- Connective tissue disorders, damage to the vagus nerve, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy
- Medical condition (new).risks
- Diabetes, abdominal or esophageal surgery, infection, certain medications that slow the rate of stomach emptying, scleroderma, nervous system diseases, hypothyroidism,
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
- Barium swallow X-ray, barium beefsteak meal, radioisotope gastric-emptying scan (GES), wireless motility capsule (WMC), serial X-ray after ingesting radiopaque markers (ROM), gastric manometry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), stable isotope breath test
- Medical condition (new).differential
- Peptic ulcer disease, gastric outlet obstruction, functional dyspepsia
- Medical condition (new).treatment
- Dietary modifications, medications to stimulate gastric emptying, medications to reduce vomiting gastric electrical stimulation
via Wikipedia infobox
Research
4,928 papers- Gastroparesis.Gastroenterology · 2022
- Gastroparesis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2018
- Diabetic Gastroparesis.Endocrine reviews · 2019
- Gastroparesis.Current opinion in gastroenterology · 2021
- Gastroparesis: a turning point in understanding and treatment.Gut · 2019
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Subclass of
- disease
- Image
- GastroparesisXray.jpg
Show 7 more facts
- NCI Thesaurus ID
- C80512
- health specialty
- gastroenterology
- exact match
- purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002578
- symptoms and signs
- fecal incontinence
- ICD-9-CM
- 536.3
- Commons category
- Gastroparesis
- on focus list of Wikimedia project
- WikiProject Medicine
Sources (3)
via Wikidata · CC0
~30 min read
Encyclopedic overview
31 sectionsContents
- Signs and symptoms
- Complications
- Causes
- Idiopathic
- Chronic conditions
- Other causes
- Physiology and mechanism
- Diagnosis
- Differential diagnosis
- Testing overview
- Gastric emptying scintigraphy
- Stable isotope breath tests with carbon-13
- Wireless motility capsule
- Antroduodenal manometry
- Other imaging tests
- Treatment
- Diet
- Pharmacotherapy
- Dopamine antagonists
- Other prokinetics
- Other neuromodulators and antiemetics
- Other agents
- Deprescribing
- Drug development
- Other therapeutic interventions
- Prognosis
- Prevalence
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Gastroparesis (gastro- from Ancient Greek – gaster, "stomach"; and -paresis, πάρεσις – "partial paralysis") is a medical disorder of ineffective neuromuscular contractions (peristalsis) of the stomach, resulting in food and liquid remaining in the stomach for a prolonged period. Stomach contents thus exit more slowly into the duodenum of the digestive tract, a medical sign called delayed gastric emptying. The opposite of this, where stomach contents exit quickly into the duodenum, is called dumping syndrome.
Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, feeling full soon after beginning to eat (early satiety), abdominal bloating, and heartburn. Many or most cases are idiopathic. The most commonly known cause is autonomic neuropathy of the vagus nerve, which innervates the stomach. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is a frequent cause of this nerve damage, but trauma to the vagus nerve is also possible. Some cases may be considered post-infectious.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “gastroparesis” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.