Gram staining
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Gram staining is a laboratory technique that colors bacteria with special dyes to make them visible under a microscope and sort them into two main categories based on their cell wall structure. This method matters because it helps doctors and scientists quickly identify what type of bacteria is present, which is essential for diagnosing infections and choosing the right treatment.
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Micrograph of a gram-positive coccus and a gram-negative rod. A Gram stain of mixed Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 25923, gram-positive cocci, in purple) and Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC 11775, gram-negative bacilli, in red), the most common Gram stain reference bacteria
Gram stain (Gram staining or Gram's method) is a method of staining used to classify bacterial species into two large groups: gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. It may also be used to diagnose a fungal infection. The name comes from the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram, who developed the technique in 1884.