iodine
Sign in to saveIodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists at standard conditions as a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid that melts to form a deep violet liquid at , and boils to a violet gas at . The element was discovered by the French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811 and was named two years later by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, after the Ancient Greek , meaning 'violet'.
AI overview
Iodine is a chemical element (symbol I, atomic number 53) that appears as a dark, shiny solid at room temperature and turns into a deep violet liquid or gas when heated. It was discovered in 1811 by French chemist Bernard Courtois and named for its distinctive violet color, which comes from the Ancient Greek word for "violet."
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Article
33 sectionsContents
- History
- Properties
- Isotopes
- Chemistry and compounds
- Charge-transfer complexes
- Hydrogen iodide
- Other binary iodine compounds
- Iodine halides
- Iodine oxides and oxoacids
- Polyiodine compounds
- Organoiodine compounds
- Occurrence and production
- Applications
- X-ray imaging
- Biocide
- Optical polarising films
- Co-catalyst
- Nutrition
- Others
- Spectroscopy
- Chemical analysis
- Biological role
- Dietary recommendations and intake
- Deficiency
- Precautions
- Toxicity
- Occupational exposure
- Reaction to iodinated contrast media
- US DEA List I status
- Notes
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
Iodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists at standard conditions as a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid that melts to form a deep violet liquid at , and boils to a violet gas at . The element was discovered by the French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811 and was named two years later by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, after the Ancient Greek , meaning 'violet'.
Iodine occurs in many oxidation states, including iodide (I−), iodate (), and the various periodate anions. As the heaviest essential mineral nutrient, iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities.