gynecomastia

Also known as gynaecomastia, man boobs, moobs

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Key facts

Medical condition.name: Gynecomastia
Medical condition.image: Gynaecomastia.jpeg
Medical condition.width: 250px
Medical condition.caption: Adult male with significant gynecomastia
Medical condition.pronounce: or
Medical condition.field: Endocrinology, plastic surgery
Medical condition.onset: Any age, but common in puberty
Medical condition.duration: Usually up to 2 years, but can be lifelong
Medical condition.causes: Increased estrogen/androgen ratio (physiologic, medications, chronic kidney disease, obesity, cirrhosis, malnutrition, certain cancers, anabolic steroids), Klinefelter Syndrome
Medical condition.diagnosis: physical exam, mammography (if indicated)
Medical condition.differential: Pseudogynecomastia, breast cancer
Medical condition.treatment: Lifestyle modifications, aromatase inhibitors, SERMs, or surgery
Medical condition.frequency: ~35% of men, up to 70% of adolescent boys
Medical condition.complications: Psychological distress

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

5,848 papers

Adolescent Gynecomastia.Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER · 2017
[Gynecomastia].Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie · 1999
[Gynaecomastia].Ugeskrift for laeger · 2018
Impact of trenbolone on selected organs.Endokrynologia Polska · 2024
[Gynecomastia].Annali italiani di chirurgia · 1996

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Image: Gynaecomastia.jpeg

Show 4 more facts

Commons category: Gynecomastia
NCI Thesaurus ID: C3073
exact match: identifiers.org/doid/DOID:12698
WordLift URL: data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/gynecomastia

Sources (9)

via Wikidata · CC0

~31 min read

Article

37 sections

Contents

Definition
Signs and symptoms
Causes
Physiologic
Newborns
Adolescents
Older adults
Non-physiologic
Drugs
Refeeding gynecomastia
Chronic disease
Hypogonadism
Tumors
Pathophysiology
Estrogen excess
Androgen deficiency
Increased levels of sex hormone-binding globulin
Androgen resistance
Medications
Chronic disease
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Imaging
Histology
Classification
Treatment
Medication
Surgery
Others
Prognosis
Epidemiology
History
Society and culture
Etymology
See also
References
External links

Gynecomastia (also spelled gynaecomastia) is the non-cancerous enlargement of one or both breasts in men due to the growth of breast tissue as a result of a hormone imbalance between estrogens and androgens. Physically speaking, gynecomastia is completely benign, but it is associated with significant psychological distress, social stigma, and dysphoria.

Gynecomastia can be normal in newborn male babies due to exposure to estrogen from the mother, in adolescent boys going through puberty, in older men over the age of 50, and in obese men. Most occurrences of gynecomastia do not require diagnostic tests. Gynecomastia may be caused by abnormal hormone changes, any condition that leads to an increase in the ratio of estrogens/androgens such as liver disease, kidney failure, thyroid disease and some non-breast tumors. Alcohol and some drugs can also cause breast enlargement. Other causes may include Klinefelter syndrome, metabolic dysfunction, or a natural decline in testosterone production. This may occur even if the levels of estrogens and androgens are both appropriate, but the ratio is altered.