H2AX
Sign in to saveAlso known as H2A.X, H2A/X, H2A histone family member X, H2A.X variant histone, H2AFX
H2A histone family member X (usually abbreviated as H2AX) is a type of histone protein from the H2A family encoded by the H2AFX gene. An important phosphorylated form is γH2AX (S139), which forms when double-strand breaks appear.
Gene data
H2AX- Name
- H2A.X variant histone
- Type
- protein-coding
- Position
- 119,093,874–119,095,465 (−)
- Aliases
- H2A.X, H2A/X, H2AFX
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000188486
- RefSeq RNA
- NM_002105.3
- RefSeq protein
- NP_002096.1
Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene encodes a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H2A family, and generates two transcripts through the use of the conserved stem-loop termination motif, and the polyA addition motif. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015].
Gene Ontology
Biological process
Molecular function
Pathways
via MyGene.info
Wikidata facts
Show 5 more facts
- HomoloGene ID
- 134201
- exact match
- identifiers.org/ncbigene/3014
- genomic end
- 119095465
- genomic start
- 119093874
- cytogenetic location
- 11q23.3
Sources (4)
via Wikidata · CC0
~6 min read
Article
8 sectionsContents
- Formation of γH2AX
- Function
- DNA damage response
- In chromatin remodeling
- γH2AX as an assay for double-strand breaks
- Interactions
- References
- Further reading
H2A histone family member X (usually abbreviated as H2AX) is a type of histone protein from the H2A family encoded by the H2AFX gene. An important phosphorylated form is γH2AX (S139), which forms when double-strand breaks appear.
In humans and other eukaryotes, the DNA is wrapped around histone octamers, consisting of core histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, to form chromatin. H2AX contributes to nucleosome-formation, chromatin-remodeling and DNA repair, and is also used in vitro as an assay for double-strand breaks in dsDNA.