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Ilex

File:Ilex-aquifolium_(Europaeische_Stechpalme-1).jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Ilex

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Also known as holly, hollies, holly genus

Ilex () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. The type species is Ilex aquifolium, the common European holly used in Christmas decorations and cards.

OverviewAI-generated

Ilex is a genus within the family Aquifoliaceae, belonging to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Tracheophyta. It is classified under the class Magnoliopsida and the order Aquifoliales. The scientific name is Ilex L.L., with Ilex aquifolium serving as the taxonomic type. Members of this group are instances of taxa and are subclassed as trees. Common names for the genus include holly, بهشية, Pirkal, and Джел.

The genus produces drupes as fruit. Ilex pubifructa is a species native to China South-Central and Thailand. Records indicate occurrences in Mexico, the United States, and China, held by institutions such as UNICACH, ECOSUR, and INECOL. The Flora of the Hawaiian Islands includes information on the genus. It is referenced by 1,334 other encyclopedia articles and has been described in sources including the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary and the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition.

Synthesized by Vinony from 48 facts across 9 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, iNaturalist, PubMed, Gbif Occ, Plants of the World, WoRMS, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

järnekar

Ilex

GENUS

  1. KingdomPlantae
  2. PhylumTracheophyta
  3. ClassMagnoliopsida
  4. OrderAquifoliales
  5. FamilyAquifoliaceae
Native toChina South-Central, Thailand
Observations77,791
Observations recorded1,085,471

日本冬青（Ilex crenata）。 鐵冬青（Ilex rotunda）。 大葉冬青（Ilex latifolia）。 冬青（Holly）是開花植物，也是冬青科的唯一一屬，本屬約有400個物種，高度約2到25公尺，有些是喬木，有些是灌木。廣泛分佈於亞洲、歐洲、非洲北部、北美洲與南美洲。冬青的葉堅挺有光澤，漿果鮮紅色，簇附枝上。有些冬青樹品種也稱為聖誕樹。 目录 1 特徵 2 分類 3 參考資料 4 外部連結 特徵 中國冬青樹原產於長江下游各省，常見於寧波、杭州、南京等地。 在香港，常見的冬青有梅葉冬青、灰冬青、榕葉冬青、細花冬青、廣東冬青、及大葉冬青（苦丁茶）等。可提煉冬青油，供消腫、止痛。冬青樹矮小結實，與地面緊密連結，冬青的味道讓人非常熟悉，是酸痛貼布的味道，香氣的滲透力十分強大。 分類 Ilex aculeolata - 满树星 Ilex ambigua - Sand Holly Ilex amelanchier - Swamp Holly Ilex anomala - 鳥不宿 Ilex asprella - 称星树 Ilex aquifolium - 歐洲冬青（聖誕樹） Ilex bioritsensis - 刺叶冬青 Ilex buergeri Ilex canariensis - Small-leaved Holly Ilex cassine - 卡氏冬青 Ilex centrochinensis Ilex ciliospinosa Ilex championii - 凹叶冬青 Ilex chinensis - 冬青 Ilex colchica Ilex collina Ilex corallina Ilex coriacea - Gallberry Ilex cornuta - 中國冬青 Ilex crenata - 日本冬青（齿叶冬青） Ilex cyrtura Ilex decidua - 落葉冬青 Ilex dehongensis Ilex dimorphophylla Ilex dipyrena - Ilex fargesii Ilex geniculata Ilex georgei Ilex glabra - Gallberry, Inkberry Ilex goshiensis Ilex graciliflora 纤花冬青，細花冬青 Ilex guayusa Ilex integra - 全緣冬青 Ilex intricata Ilex kingiana Ilex kudingcha - 苦丁茶冬青 Ilex kusanoi - 草野氏冬青 Ilex laevigata Ilex latifolia - 大葉冬青 Ilex leucoclada Ilex longipes Ilex macrocarpa Ilex macropod

via GBIF · Kew POWO

Museum specimens

Specimen records
9,355
With media
5,543
Family
Aquifoliaceae
Collections
UNICACH, ECOSUR, INECOL, FCF-UANL, IIB-UV, UACH
Recorded in
Mexico, United States, China
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Research

2,121 papers

via PubMed

~15 min read

Encyclopedic overview

15 sections
Contents
  • Description
  • Etymology
  • History
  • Selected species
  • Range
  • Ecology
  • Toxicity
  • Uses
  • Culinary use
  • Ornamental use
  • Culture
  • Medicinal use
  • Gallery
  • References
  • External links

Ilex () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. The type species is Ilex aquifolium, the common European holly used in Christmas decorations and cards.

==Description== thumb|Ilex paraguariensis The genus is widespread throughout the temperate and subtropical regions of the world. It includes species of trees, shrubs, and climbers, with evergreen or deciduous foliage and inconspicuous flowers. Its range was more extended in the Tertiary period and many species are adapted to laurel forest habitats. It occurs from sea level to more than with high mountain species. It is a genus of small, evergreen trees with smooth, glabrous, or pubescent branchlets. The plants are generally slow-growing with some species growing to tall. The type species is the European holly Ilex aquifolium described by Linnaeus. Plants in this genus have simple, alternate glossy leaves, frequently with a spiny leaf margin. The inconspicuous flower is greenish white, with four petals. They are generally dioecious, with male and female flowers on different plants. Plants in the genus have highly similar flowers with a flower preserved in amber suggesting they have been largely unchanged for at least 38−34 million years.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Ilex” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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