islet amyloid polypeptide
Sign in to saveAlso known as insulinoma amyloid peptide, IAPP, amylin, Islet amyloid polypeptide (diabetes-associated peptide; amylin), DAP, diabetes-associated peptide
thumb|250px|right|Amino acid sequence of amylin with disulfide bridge and cleavage sites of insulin degrading enzyme indicated with arrows Amylin, or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a 37-residue peptide hormone. It is co-secreted with insulin from the pancreatic β-cells in the ratio of approximately 100:1 (insulin:amylin). Amylin plays a role in glycemic regulation by slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety, thereby preventing post-prandial spikes in blood glucose levels.
Protein · UniProt
Islet amyloid polypeptide
- Gene
- IAPP
- Organism
- Homo sapiens (Human)
- Length
- 89 aa
- Molecular mass
- 9,806 Da
- Evidence
- 1: Evidence at protein level
Amylin/IAPP is a glucoregulatory peptide hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis (PubMed:2690069). Selectively inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and glycogen deposition in muscle, while not affecting adipocyte glucose metabolism. IAPP function is mediated by the CALCR-RAMPs (AMYRs) receptor complexes (By similarity). Amylin can also bind CALCR receptor in the absence of RAMPs, although it is more selective for AMYRs (By similarity)
Swiss-Prot (reviewed) · via UniProt
Research
3,668 papers- Islet amyloid polypeptide: Another key molecule in Alzheimer's pathogenesis?Progress in neurobiology · 2017
- Islet Amyloid Polypeptide: Structure, Function, and Pathophysiology.Journal of diabetes research · 2016
- Islet amyloid polypeptide and diabetes.Current protein & peptide science · 2013
- Islet amyloid polypeptide and type 2 diabetes.Experimental gerontology · 2003
- Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) - a curse in type II diabetes mellitus: insights from structure and toxicity studies.Biological chemistry · 2021
via PubMed
Clinical Trials
97 registered- PHASE4COMPLETEDA Comparison of Adding Exenatide With Switching to Exenatide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Experiencing Inadequate Glycemic Control With Sitagliptin Plus MetforminAstraZeneca · NCT00870194
- PHASE3COMPLETEDExenatide Versus Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 DiabetesAstraZeneca · NCT00359762
- PHASE1RECRUITINGUnderstanding the Effect of CagriSema, Cagrilintide, and Semaglutide on Muscle Health (Role of Amylin Signature in Muscle Health)Novo Nordisk A/S · NCT07527195
- PHASE2COMPLETEDA Pilot Study of Effects of Exenatide on Body Weight in Non-Diabetic, Obese PatientsAstraZeneca · NCT00500370
- PHASE1RECRUITINGA Study Looking at How Weekly Injections of Two Hormones - GIP and Amylin - Affect Stomach-related Side Effects in People Who Are Overweight or ObeseNovo Nordisk A/S · NCT07411560
- COMPLETEDExenatide and Basal Insulins Use in the Real Setting: an Observational Study in Patients With Type 2 DiabetesAstraZeneca · NCT01060059
~12 min read
Encyclopedic overview
12 sectionsContents
- Synthesis
- Regulation
- Function
- Structure
- History
- Clinical significance
- Pharmacology
- Receptors
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|250px|right|Amino acid sequence of amylin with disulfide bridge and cleavage sites of insulin degrading enzyme indicated with arrows Amylin, or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a 37-residue peptide hormone. It is co-secreted with insulin from the pancreatic β-cells in the ratio of approximately 100:1 (insulin:amylin). Amylin plays a role in glycemic regulation by slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety, thereby preventing post-prandial spikes in blood glucose levels.
IAPP is processed from an 89-residue coding sequence. Proislet amyloid polypeptide (proIAPP, proamylin, proislet protein) is produced in the pancreatic beta cells (β-cells) as a 67 amino acid, 7404 Dalton pro-peptide and undergoes post-translational modifications including protease cleavage to produce amylin.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “islet amyloid polypeptide” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.