Maleo
Sign in to saveThe maleo (Macrocephalon maleo) is a large megapode and the only member of the monotypic genus Macrocephalon. The maleo is endemic to Sulawesi and the nearby smaller island of Buton in Indonesia. It is found in the tropical lowland and hill forests, but nests in the open sandy areas, volcanic soils, or beaches that are heated by the sun or geothermal energy for incubation.
Species
Critically Endangered二名法 Macrocephalon maleoS. Müller, 1846 蘇拉塚雉（学名：Macrocephalon maleo），又名蘇拉威西塚雉、西里伯斯大頭雞或營塚鳥，是印尼特有的雞形目鸟类。 目录 1 特徵 2 分佈及棲息地 3 行為 4 保育狀況 5 參考 6 外部連結 特徵 蘇拉塚雉長約55厘米，中等身型。身體呈黑色，面部呈淡黃色，瞳孔是紅褐色的，喙是橙紅色，下身呈玫瑰色。雞冠黑色及呈盔狀。腳呈灰藍色，有四趾，趾上有長而利的爪，趾間有蹼。雄雞與雌雞差不多完全一樣，只是雌雞較為細小及暗色。 分佈及棲息地 蘇拉塚雉分佈在印尼的蘇拉威西島，棲息在熱帶低地及山區森林，並在遼闊的沙地、火山土壤或海灘築巢。 行為 蘇拉塚雉的蛋很大，約有家雞大小的五倍。雌雞生蛋後會將蛋埋在沙穴中，讓地熱或陽光來孵化。雛雞孵化後會鑽出沙地，並躲在森林中。幼雞能夠飛行，完全獨立於父母。牠們會自行覓食及保護自己，免受蜥蜴、網紋蟒、野豬或野貓等掠食者的襲擊。 蘇拉塚雉是一夫一妻制的，經常留在伴侶的附近。牠們主要吃果實、種子、蟻、白蟻、甲蟲及其他細小的無脊椎動物。 保育狀況 自1972年起，蘇拉塚雉已受到印尼政府的保護。由於失去棲息地，有限的分佈地、雛雞的高死亡率及過度獵殺，蘇拉塚雉被世界自然保護聯盟列為瀕危物種，且受到《瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約》附錄一的保護。 參考 ^ Macrocephalon maleo. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2008. 外部連結 ARKive - images and movies of the Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo) BirdLife Species Factsheet 取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=蘇拉塚雉&oldid=42708036” 分类： IUCN瀕危物種 塚雉科 苏门答腊动物 印尼鳥類 隐藏分类： CS1含有外文文本 TaxoboxLatinName 本地相关图片与维基数据不同 含有拉丁語的條目
via IUCN
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- taxon
- Parent taxon
- Macrocephalon
- Located in
- Central Sulawesi
- Image
- Maleo bird.PNG
Show 7 more facts
- P105
- species
- P183
- Sulawesi
- P1889
- Maleo
- P7603
- Appendix I of CITES
- P2974
Article
7 sectionsContents
- Description
- Behaviour and ecology
- Breeding and habitat
- Current threats and conservation
- Captivity
- References
- External links
The maleo (Macrocephalon maleo) is a large megapode and the only member of the monotypic genus Macrocephalon. The maleo is endemic to Sulawesi and the nearby smaller island of Buton in Indonesia. It is found in the tropical lowland and hill forests, but nests in the open sandy areas, volcanic soils, or beaches that are heated by the sun or geothermal energy for incubation.
==Description== The maleo ranges from long with blackish plumage, bare yellow facial skin, reddish-brown iris, reddish-orange beak, and rosy salmon underparts. The crown is ornamented with a prominent, bony, dark casque - which is the origin of its genus name Macrocephalon (from the Greek makros meaning "large" and kephalon meaning "head"). The greyish blue feet have four long sharp claws, separated by a membranous web. The sexes are almost identical with a slightly smaller and duller female. Juvenile birds have largely brownish and paler heads with short blackish-brown crests and browner upper parts.