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Myriapoda

File:Myriapod_collage.png · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Also known as myriapods, myriapod

Myriapods () are the members of subphylum Myriapoda, containing arthropods such as millipedes and centipedes. The group contains about 13,000 species, all of them terrestrial.

OverviewAI-generated

Myriapoda is a taxon classified as a subphylum within the phylum Arthropoda. It is a child taxon of Mandibulata. The name was established by Latreille in 1797, and the taxon status is accepted. Common names for the group include Veelpotigen, mangefotinger, stonoge, and millepedes. Myriapods are studied by the field of myriapodology.

The group includes organisms that use rolling as a means of locomotion. Their habitats span marine, brackish, and freshwater environments. Records for Myriapoda exist in the United States and Vanuatu. These records are held by institutions including DMNS, UMNH, ALMNH, CU, and PSUC. The taxon is described in sources such as the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, the Granat Encyclopedic Dictionary, and the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition.

Synthesized by Vinony from 22 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, WoRMS, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

millepedes

Subphylum

  1. PhylumArthropoda
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater

本条目部分链接不符合格式手冊規範。跨語言链接及章節標題等處的链接可能需要清理。(2015年12月11日) 請協助改善此條目。參見WP:LINKSTYLE、WP:MOSIW以了解細節。突出显示跨语言链接可以便于检查。 綱 [1] 唇足綱 Chilopoda 倍足綱 Diplopoda 少足綱 Pauropoda 綜合綱 Symphyla 多足亞門(或稱多足類、多足綱,學名Myriapoda,来自古希腊语μυριάς一万和 πούς脚、腿),是節肢動物門下的一类,包含了馬陸及蜈蚣等。多足類有超過13000個物種,都是陸地動物。[2]雖然學名Myriapoda的词源是一萬条腿,但實際上多足类最多只有約750条腿(Illacme plenipes)[3],少至10隻以下。牠們有一對觸角及單眼。 多足類大多棲息在濕潤的森林中,以腐敗的植物為主食,在分解植物的遺體上扮演重要的角色[2]。然而,仍有少部份多足類棲息在草原、半乾旱地區或甚至是沙漠之中。[4]大部份多足類生物都是草食性的,只有少數的唇足綱是夜行性的掠食者。少足綱及綜合綱都是相當微小的生物,主要生活在土壤中。倍足綱與其他多足類不同,身體分節,每一節上都有兩對腳;其他多足類生物,每一節只有一對腳。 雖然普遍認為,多足類對人類沒有危害,但許多多足類生物會分泌有毒的物質(一般包含醌),並在皮膚上造成短暫的水泡及變色。[5] 雖然多足類的外殼薄且脆弱,不利於形成化石,但仍有相當多的化石證據,顯示多足類是一種很古老的生物。出現在寒武紀的單肢動物化石,具有類似多足生物的型態;而已確認最早的多足類化石,則出土於志留紀晚期的地層。最早的蜈蚣化石出土於泥盆紀地層,顯示多足類的型態在泥盆紀之前,已經開始出現變化[2]。若以核糖體序列分歧的程度來推算,多足類生物的分歧始於泥盆紀。[6] 多足類物種不都是害蟲;本亞門之下的蚰蜒目物種皆為益蟲。 目录 1 分類 1.1 唇足綱 1.2 倍足綱 1.3 少足綱 1.4 綜合綱 2 參考文獻 3 外部連結 分類 就節肢動物門中最接近多足類是哪一類動物這個問題,一直存在著爭議。根據有顎亞門假說,多足類是包含甲殼類及六足亞門的泛甲殼動物的姊妹分類;若根據缺角類假說,六足类与多足类最接近,两者共同组成单支类(en:Uniramia);若根據Paradoxopoda假說,螯肢動物亞門則是最接近。最後的假說雖然只有少數形態特徵支持,但卻有大量分子生物學研究結果支持。[7] 目前多足類之下分有四個綱.分別是唇足綱、倍足綱、少足綱及綜合綱,包含約12000個物種[8]儘管一般認為多足類的每一綱同屬一個單源群,但它們之間的演化關係卻還不明確。[9] 唇足綱 主条目:唇足綱 地中海黃腳蜈蚣 唇足綱第一體節的步足特化成唇足綱特有的顎足,主要包括蜈蚣、蚰蜒。牠們行動很快速,是有毒的夜行性掠食動物。牠們約有3300

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Museum specimens

Specimen records
20
Collections
DMNS, UMNH, ALMNH, CU, PSUC, CLEMSON UNIVERSITY ARTHROPOD COLLECTION
Recorded in
United States, Vanuatu

~11 min read

Encyclopedic overview

12 sections
Contents
  • Anatomy
  • Ecology
  • Classification
  • Centipedes
  • Millipedes
  • Symphyla
  • Pauropoda
  • Arthropleuridea
  • Myriapod relationships
  • See also
  • References
  • External links

Myriapods () are the members of subphylum Myriapoda, containing arthropods such as millipedes and centipedes. The group contains about 13,000 species, all of them terrestrial.

Although molecular evidence and similar fossils suggests a diversification in the Cambrian Period, the oldest known fossil record of myriapods dates between the Late Silurian and Early Devonian, with Pneumodesmus preserving the earliest known evidence of air-breathing on land. Other early myriapod fossil species around the similar time period include Kampecaris obanensis and Archidesmus sp. The phylogenetic classification of myriapods is still debated.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Myriapoda” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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