n-pentane

Also known as R-601

Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C5H12—that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane means exclusively the n-pentane isomer, in which case pentanes refers to a mixture of them; the other two are called isopentane (methylbutane) and neopentane (dimethylpropane). Cyclopentane is not an isomer of pentane because it has only 10 hydrogen atoms where pentane has 12.

OverviewAI-generated

n-pentane is a chemical compound with the formula C₅H₁₂ and a mass of 72.094. Its canonical SMILES notation is "CCCCC". The substance has a boiling point of 309.2 and a melting point of -202, -130, or -129.7. Its density is 0.63, and its vapor pressure is 420. The ionization energy is 10.35, while the molar enthalpy of vaporization is 26.43.

Safety data for n-pentane includes a flash point of -57. The lower flammable limit is 1.5, and the upper flammable limit is 7.8. Exposure limits are defined by a time-weighted average of 2950 and a ceiling of 1800. The immediately dangerous to life or health level is 4425. The speed of sound in the compound is 1008, and its solubility is 0.04.

Synthesized by Vinony from 33 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: C5H12
Molecular weight: 72.15 g/mol
IUPAC name: pentane
SMILES: CCCCC
InChIKey: OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP: 3.4
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

2,904 papers

n-Pentane. CAS# 109-66-0.ReviewJournal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A · 1999Galvin JB, Marashi FDOI: 10.1080/009841099157412
Crystal structure of N,N,N',N'-tetra-methyl-ethane-di-amine.Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications · 2022Schrimpf T, Otte F, Strohmann CDOI: 10.1107/S2056989021012457
Study on the Adsorption Law of n-Pentane in Silica Slit Nanopores.ACS omega · 2024Yu C, Xu Q, Meng F et al.DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06105
Adsorption and separation of n/iso-pentane on zeolites: A GCMC study.Journal of molecular graphics & modelling · 2018Fu H, Qin H, Wang Y et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.12.003
A comparative study on the neurotoxicity of n-pentane, n-hexane, and n-heptane in the rat.British journal of industrial medicine · 1980Takeuchi Y, Ono Y, Hisanaga N et al.DOI: 10.1136/oem.37.3.241
Two-Body Metastable Dissociation of n-Pentane and n-Hexane Triplet Dications in Intense Femtosecond-Laser Fields.The journal of physical chemistry. A · 2021Hoshina K, Shirota T, Tsuge MDOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06567
Bis[1,2-bis-(4-tert-butyl-phen-yl)ethyl-ene-1,2-di-thiol-ato(1-)]nickel(II) pentane 0.25-solvate.Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications · 2023Das Gupta T, Applebaum J, Broussard W et al.DOI: 10.1107/S205698902300097X
Synthesis of Carborane-Backbone Metallacycles for Highly Selective Capture of n-Pentane.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022Guo ST, Cui PF, Liu XR et al.DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10201

via PubMed

~6 min read

Encyclopedic overview

9 sections

Contents

History
Isomers
Industrial uses
Laboratory use
Physical properties
Reactions
Production and occurrence
References
External links

Pentanes are components of some fuels and are employed as specialty solvents in the laboratory. Their properties are very similar to those of butanes and hexanes.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “n-pentane” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.