鋨

Also known as Os, element 76, 76Os

原子序數為76的化學元素

OverviewAI-generated

Osmium is a chemical element with the symbol Os and atomic number 76. It has an atomic mass of 190.23 and an electron configuration of [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s². The element exhibits an oxidation state of 8 and an electronegativity of 2.2. Its ionic radius is 0.63.

The substance was discovered in 1804. It is represented by the canonical SMILES string [Os] and the Unicode character 鋨. In chemical contexts, it is identified by the formula Os. PubChem lists its CID as 23937 and its IUPAC name as osmium. The compound has a weight of 190.2, a topological polar surface area of 0, and no hydrogen bond donors or acceptors.

Synthesized by Vinony from 25 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Os
Molecular weight: 190.2 g/mol
IUPAC name: osmium
SMILES: [Os]
InChIKey: SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

6,444 papers

Osmium-free direct syn-dihydroxylation of alkenes.ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2011Bataille CJ, Donohoe TJDOI: 10.1039/b923880h
Structure-activity relationships for ruthenium and osmium anticancer agents - towards clinical development.ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2018Meier-Menches SM , Gerner C , Berger W et al.DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00332c
Recent Advances in Anticancer Research of Osmium and Rhodium Complexes.ReviewMedicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)) · 2025Kostova IDOI: 10.2174/0115734064327558240826050650
Osmium-Resistant Fluorescent Proteins and In-Resin Correlative Light-Electron Microscopy of Epon-Embedded Mammalian Cultured Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Tanida I, Yamaguchi J, Kakuta S et al.DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2667-2_15
Osmium(VI) nitride triggers mitochondria-induced oncosis and apoptosis.Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) · 2022Ye M, Huang WQ, Li ZX et al.DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05148b
Imido-osmium(VIII) compounds in organic synthesis: aminohydroxylation and diamination reactions.ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2004Muñiz KDOI: 10.1039/b307102m
Future potential of osmium complexes as anticancer drug candidates, photosensitizers and organelle-targeted probes.ReviewDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) · 2018Zhang P , Huang H DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03432j
Development of anticancer agents: wizardry with osmium.ReviewDrug discovery today · 2014Hanif M, Babak MV, Hartinger CGDOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.06.016

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of: chemical element
Subclass of: platinum group
Part of: group 8
Named after: odor
Mass: 190.23
Image: Osmium crystals.jpg

Show 16 more facts

oxidation state: 8
electron configuration: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s²
topic's main category: Category:Osmium
discoverer or inventor: William Hyde Wollaston
element symbol: Os
Commons category: Osmium
time of discovery or invention: 1804-00-00
atomic number: 76
Commons gallery: Osmium
described by source: Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
canonical SMILES: [Os]
chemical formula: Os
Unicode character: 鋨
electronegativity: 2.2
ionic radius: 0.39
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4

Sources (6)

via Wikidata · CC0

Article · 中文

鋨（拼音：é，注音：ㄜˊ，音同「鹅」；英語：Osmium；舊譯銤、鐭），是一種化學元素，其化學符號为Os，原子序數为76，原子量為190.23 u。鋨是一種堅硬、易碎的鉑系過渡金屬，具有獨特的藍白色光澤。鋨是自然界中密度最高的元素，有22.59 g/cm3。鋨一般以痕量存在於自然中，大部份在鉑礦藏的合金當中，是地殼中存量最低的穩定元素之一。鋨與鉑、銥及其他鉑系元素形成的合金具有超強的耐用性和硬度，能用於製造鋼筆筆頭和電觸頭等。但由於鋨金屬堅硬易碎且熔點極高，難以塑形、加工，且在空氣中容易形成具高揮發性和高毒性的四氧化鋨，再加上鋨本身非常稀有且昂貴，因此金屬態的鋨應用很少。

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA