Polistes carolina

SPECIES

1. KingdomAnimalia
2. PhylumArthropoda
3. ClassInsecta
4. OrderHymenoptera
5. FamilyEumenidae

Polistes carolina is one of two species of red paper wasp found in the eastern United States (the other being Polistes rubiginosus) and is noted for the finer ridges on its propodeum. It is a social wasp (subfamily Polistinae) in the family Vespidae. They are native to the United States from Texas to Florida, north to New York, and west to Nebraska.[3] The wasp's common name is due to the reddish-brown color of its head and body. P. carolina prefer to build their nests in protected spaces. Taxonomy and phylogeny The first description of Polistes carolina appears in the first volume of Carl Linnaeus' 12th edition of Systema Naturae published in 1767.[4] In this volume, he referred to the species as Vespa carolina.[4] Henri Louis Frédéric de Saussure later moved it to the genus Polistes in 1855 after Pierre Andre Latreille coined the new genus in 1802.[5] P. carolina is within the family Vespidae, which includes nearly all of the eusocial wasps and many of the solitary wasps. It is further placed within the subfamily Polistinae (paper wasps), which is the second-largest of the subfamilies within the Vespidae. The Polistinae contain two main behavioral groups: swarm founding, involvin

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