多系統群

Also known as polyphyletic, polyphyletic group

thumb|300px|In this phylogenetic tree, the blue and red groups (which are both monophyletic) do not share an immediate common ancestor. If they are grouped together because they share characteristics which appear to be similar, then their combination forms a polyphyletic group. thumb|300px|Cladogram of the [[primates, showing a monophyly (the simians, in yellow), a paraphyly (the prosimians, in cyan, including the red patch), and a polyphyly (the night-active primates, the lorises and the tarsiers, in red).]] thumbnail|300px|Phylogenetic groups: A monophyletic taxon (in yellow, the clade Sauro