File:Potassium-2.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Also known as K, element 19, 19K
原子序為19的化學元素
OverviewAI-generated
Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K and atomic number 19. Its standard atomic mass is 39.0983. The element was discovered in 1807. It exhibits oxidation states of -1 and 1. The chemical formula is represented as K.
Physical properties include a melting point of 336.4 and a boiling point of 1038.7. The density is 0.862, and the standard molar entropy is 64.2. Electronegativity is measured at 0.82, with an ionic radius of 1.64. The electron configuration is [Ar] 4s¹. The Unicode character for potassium is 鉀.
Synthesized by Vinony from 30 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, PubChem, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Chemical data
- Formula
- K
- Molecular weight
- 39.0983 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- potassium
- SMILES
- [K]
- InChIKey
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- Polar surface area
- 0 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 0
- H-bond acceptors
- 0
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Research
306,002 papers- Physiology and pathophysiology of potassium homeostasis.Advances in physiology education · 2016
- Potassium Intake, Bioavailability, Hypertension, and Glucose Control.Nutrients · 2016
- Potassium: A Frontier in Osteoporosis.Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme · 2024
- Potassium and the kidney.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026
- Potassium.Advances in food and nutrition research · 2021
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Subclass of
- s-block
- Part of
- alkali metal
- Named after
- potash
- Mass
- 39.0983
- Image
- Kalium.jpg
Show 21 more facts
- Commons gallery
- Potassium
- on focus list of Wikimedia project
- Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
- oxidation state
- 1
- element symbol
- K
- discoverer or inventor
- Humphry Davy
- Commons category
- Potassium
- topic's main category
- Category:Potassium
- atomic number
- 19
- time of discovery or invention
- 1807-00-00
- boiling point
- 765.5
- melting point
- 63.2
- density
- 0.856
- chemical formula
- K
- canonical SMILES
- [K]
- standard molar entropy
- 64.2
- electronegativity
- 0.82
- vapor pressure
- 41.70
- safety classification and labelling
- Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008
- Unicode character
- 鉀
- electron configuration
- 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
- ionic radius
- 1.64
Sources (10)
via Wikidata · CC0
Article · 中文
钾(拼音:jiǎ,注音:ㄐ丨ㄚˇ;英語:Potassium),是一種化學元素,化學符號为K(源于拉丁語:Kalium),原子序數为19,原子量為39.0983 u。 鉀最早於植物的灰燼中所分離出,故其名稱源自植物的灰燼(英語:pot ash)。在元素週期表中,鉀屬於鹼金族,所有鹼金族在外部電子殼中都具有單價電子在離子鹽中發生。其易被去除電子而形成具有正電荷的離子──陽離子(陽離子可與陰離子結合形成鹽)。 鉀元素在自然界裡僅以離子化合物存在,是一種柔軟的銀白色鹼性金屬。在空氣中迅速氧化並與水劇烈反應,產生足夠的熱量以點燃反應中釋放的氫氣,並放出藍紫色的火焰。它被發現溶解於海水(自然界中的鉀以化合物的形式溶解於海水中,按重量百分比計為0.04%),是許多礦物質的一部分。 鉀與鈉的化學性質非常相似,而鈉是元素週期表第1族中鉀的前一個元素。它們具有相似的第一電離能,讓原子丟棄其最外層唯一的電子。在1702年,鉀與鈉被懷疑可以與相同的陰離子結合形成類似的鹽類,並且在1807年以電解證明。天然存在的鉀由三種同位素組成,其中的40K是放射性的。微量的40K存在於所有鉀中,它是人體中最常見的放射性同位素。 鉀離子對所有活細胞的功能非常重要。正常的神經傳遞需要鉀離子通過神經細胞膜轉移;過低或過量的鉀也都會導致許多身體的徵兆或症狀,包括心律異常和各種心電圖異常。新鮮水果和蔬菜是鉀的良好來源。身體攝取鉀時,血漿中的鉀離子濃度會上升,造成鉀離子從細胞外往細胞內移動,增加腎臟對鉀離子的代謝。 鉀的大多數工業應用了鉀化合物(例如鉀皂)在水中的的高溶解度。含鉀的農業肥料佔了全球鉀化學產物的95%,用於補救因大量生產作物而耗盡鉀的土壤。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA
Gallery (33)
Available in 173 languages
- Español
- Français
- Deutsch
- 中文
- 日本語
- Русский
- Português
- Italiano
- العربية
- हिन्दी
- abstract
- Afrikaans
- Albanian
- Amharic
- Angika
- Aragonese
- Armenian
- Asturian
Show 154 more
- Awadhi
- azb
- Azerbaijani
- Bahasa Indonesia
- Balinese
- Bangla
- Bashkir
- Basque
- be_x_old
- Belarusian
- Bhojpuri
- Bikol
- blk
- Bosnian
- Breton
- Bulgarian
- Burmese
- Catalan
- cdo
- Cebuano
- Central Kurdish
- Cherokee
- Chuvash
- Cornish
- Corsican
- Croatian
- Czech
- Danish
- Divehi
- Egyptian Arabic
- Erzya
- Esperanto
- Estonian
- Extremaduran
- Faroese
- Fiji Hindi
- Filipino
- Finnish
- Friulian
- Galician
- Gan Chinese
- Georgian
- Greek
- Gujarati
- Haitian Creole
- Hakka Chinese
- Hawaiian
- Hebrew
- Hungarian
- Icelandic
- Ido
- Interlingua
- Irish
- Javanese
- Kalmyk
- Kannada
- Kanuri
- Kazakh
- kbp
- Kikuyu
- Komi
- Kurdish
- Kyrgyz
- Lao
- Latin
- Latvian
- Ligurian
- Limburgish
- Lingala
- Lithuanian
- lld
- Lojban
- Lombard
- Low German
- Luxembourgish
- Macedonian
- Malagasy
- Malay
- Malayalam
- Manipuri
- Manx
- Māori
- Marathi
- Moksha
- Mongolian
- Moroccan Arabic
- Nederlands
- Nepali
- Newari
- Northern Frisian
- Norwegian
- Norwegian Nynorsk
- Novial
- Occitan
- Odia
- olo
- Ossetic
- Papiamento
- Pashto
- Piedmontese
- Polski
- Punjabi
- Quechua
- roa_rup
- Romanian
- Sanskrit
- Sardinian
- Saterland Frisian
- Scots
- Scottish Gaelic
- Serbian
- Serbian (Latin)
- Sicilian
- simple
- Sindhi
- Sinhala
- Slovak
- Slovenian
- Somali
- Sundanese
- Svenska
- Swahili
- Tajik
- Tamil
- Tatar
- Telugu
- Tibetan
- Tiếng Việt
- Toki Pona
- Türkçe
- Ukrainian
- Urdu
- Uyghur
- Uzbek
- Veps
- Volapük
- Walloon
- Waray
- Welsh
- West Flemish
- Western Mari
- Western Panjabi
- Wu Chinese
- Yakut
- Yiddish
- Yoruba
- zh_classical
- zh_min_nan
- zh_yue
- Zhuang
- Zulu
- فارسی
- ไทย
- 한국어
via Wikidata sitelinks · CC0