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Psittaciformes

Also known as psittacines, parrot order, parrot, Psittaciform, Psittaciforms

Parrots (Psittaciformes), also known as psittacines () from the name of the type genus Psittacus, are birds with a strong curved beak, upright stance, and clawed feet. They are classified in four families that contain roughly 410 species in 101 genera, found mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. The four families are the Psittaculidae (Old World parrots), Psittacidae (African and New World parrots), Cacatuidae (cockatoos), and Strigopidae (New Zealand parrots). One-third of all parrot species are threatened by extinction, with a higher aggregate extinction risk (IUCN Red List Index) than

OverviewAI-generated

Psittaciformes is an order within the class Aves and phylum Chordata. The taxon is also referred to by common names including papegøyefugler, papige, psitaciformes, and papağansılar. Parakeets are a common organism within this group. The taxon originated approximately 50 million years ago.

Records of Psittaciformes have been documented in Brazil, Colombia, Jamaica, Panama, and the United States. Institutions such as UCMP, CLO, SDNHM, and UTEP hold specimens. The taxon is listed as accepted in the World Register of Marine Species. It appears in the Granat Encyclopedic Dictionary, Gujin Tushu Jicheng, Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition, and Pauly–Wissowa.

The subject is featured in the Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4 focus list. It is referenced by 2,037 other encyclopedia articles. Scientific literature includes 3,607 records, while occurrence data totals 20,865,648.

Synthesized by Vinony from 36 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, PubMed, Gbif Occ, WoRMS, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

papağansılar

Psittaciformes

ORDER

KingdomAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClassAves
OrderPsittaciformes

Observations recorded20,865,648

鹦形目（學名：Psittaciformes）在动物分类学上是鸟纲中的一个目。本目包括大约342种，通常划分成凤头鹦鹉科和鹦鹉科两个科。俗语鹦鹉可以用来单独指代鸚鵡科，或者整个鹦形目，通常指稱後者。关于其分类讨论，请参阅下文。本目的所有种类都有如下特征：钩曲的喙、对趾足（两趾向前(2、3)两趾向后(1、4)）。本目鸟类可以在世界上多数气候温暖的地区找到，包括印度、东南亚和西非。美国也曾有一个种卡罗琳鹦哥，但现已灭绝。鹦形目为数最多的地区，要数大洋洲（澳洲）、南美洲和中美洲。

via GBIF

Museum specimens

Specimen records: 288
With media: 59
Collections: UCMP, CLO, SDNHM, UTEP
Recorded in: United States, Jamaica, Brazil, Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, Bolivia, Peru

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Research

3,607 papers

A standardised ethogram for the Psittaciformes.Behavioural processes · 2025Viol LY, Silva Bachetti ÉD, Barçante L et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2025.105172
A record of the parasitic mite Hemimyialges macdonaldi (Evans et al. 1963) (Acari: Epidermoptidae) in the Orange-bellied Parrot Neophema chrysogaster (Latham, 1790) (Psittaciformes: Psittaculidae) in Australia.ReviewAustralian veterinary journal · 2024Halliday B, Taggers A, Herrod ADOI: 10.1111/avj.13308
Quill Mites of the Family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) Associated With the New World and African Parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) With the Description of Eight New Species.ReviewJournal of medical entomology · 2022Marciniak-Musial N, Sikora BDOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac087
Modelling Red-Crowned Parrot (Psittaciformes: Amazona viridigenalis [Cassin, 1853]) distributions in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas using elevation and vegetation indices and their derivatives.PloS one · 2023Voltura EV, Tracy JL, Heatley JJ et al.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294118
Chlamydial endocarditis.Lancet (London, England) · 1980
Two Avastrovirus Species Discovered in Psittaciformes Expand the Host Range of the Family Astroviridae.Viruses · 2025Jenns K, Eden JS, Olsson A et al.DOI: 10.3390/v17030450
Preliminary evidence that eye appearance in parrots (Psittaciformes) co-varies with latitude and altitude.Scientific reports · 2024Duran E, Perea-García JO, Piepenbrock D et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63599-3
Cryptosporidium proventriculi sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in Psittaciformes birds.European journal of protistology · 2019Holubová N, Zikmundová V, Limpouchová Z et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2019.03.001

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~46 min read

Encyclopedic overview

26 sections

Contents

Taxonomy
Origins and evolution
Etymology
Phylogeny
Systematics
Morphology
Distribution and habitat
Behaviour
Diet
Breeding
Intelligence and learning
Sound imitation and speech
Song
Cooperation
Longevity
Relationship with humans
Pets
Trade
Culture
Mythology
Feral populations
Threats and conservation
See also
References
Cited sources
External links

Parrots, along with corvids (ravens, crows, jays, and magpies), are among the most intelligent birds, and the ability of some species to imitate human speech enhances their popularity as pets. They form the most variably sized bird order in terms of length; many are vividly coloured and some, multi-coloured. Most parrots exhibit little or no sexual dimorphism in the visual spectrum.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Psittaciformes” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.