File:Emphysema,_centrilobular_(4563270814).jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
pulmonary emphysema
Sign in to saveAlso known as emphysema
Emphysema is a condition of the lung marked by abnormal enlargement of the alveoli with loss of pulmonary elasticity. Most commonly, emphysema refers to the permanent enlargement of air spaces (alveoli) in the lungs, and is also known as pulmonary emphysema.
Emphysema is a lung condition in which the tiny air sacs (alveoli) become abnormally enlarged and lose their elasticity, making it harder for the lungs to function properly. It matters because this permanent damage to the air spaces reduces the lungs' ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently, affecting breathing and overall health.
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Key facts
- Medical condition (new).name
- Emphysema
- Medical condition (new).image
- Emphysema, centrilobular (4563270814).jpg
- Medical condition (new).caption
- Advanced centrilobular emphysema showing total lobule involvement on the left side
- Medical condition (new).field
- Pulmonology
- Medical condition (new).symptoms
- Shortness of breath, chronic cough
- Medical condition (new).onset
- Over 40 years old
- Medical condition (new).duration
- Long term
- Medical condition (new).causes
- Tobacco smoking, air pollution, genetics
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
- Spirometry, Lung Function Test
- Medical condition (new).differential
- Asthma, congestive heart failure, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, obliterative bronchiolitis, diffuse panbronchiolitis
- Medical condition (new).prevention
- Smoking cessation, improving indoor and outdoor air quality, tobacco control measures
- Medical condition (new).treatment
- Pulmonary rehabilitation, long-term oxygen therapy, lung volume reduction
- Medical condition (new).medication
- Inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids
via Wikipedia infobox
Research
27,233 papers- [Pulmonary emphysema].ReviewTerapevticheskii arkhiv · 1991Busarova GA, Vorob'ev LP
- Pulmonary emphysema.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1994Hutchison DCDOI: 10.1136/bmj.309.6964.1244
- [Pulmonary emphysema].L'union medicale du Canada · 1963GREGOIRE F
- [Pulmonary emphysema].ReviewPneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany) · 1996Konietzko N
- [Bullous pulmonary emphysema].ReviewTerapevticheskii arkhiv · 1990Busarova GA, Vorob'ev LP
- Pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema.ReviewThe Quarterly journal of medicine · 1986Flenley DC
- [Pulmonary emphysema].ReviewNihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine · 1972Takizawa K, Kurihara S
- Bullous emphysema.ReviewCurrent opinion in pulmonary medicine · 1996Teramoto S, Fukuchi YDOI: 10.1097/00063198-199603000-00003
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Subclass of
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Image
- Emphysema H and E.jpg
Show 8 more facts
- Commons category
- Pulmonary emphysema
- ICPC 2 ID
- R95
- drug or therapy used for treatment
- dyphylline
- exact match
- purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002097
- health specialty
- pulmonology
- ICD-9-CM
- 492.8
- has cause
- smoking
- on focus list of Wikimedia project
- WikiProject Medicine
Sources (8)
via Wikidata · CC0
~19 min read
Encyclopedic overview
28 sectionsContents
- Signs and symptoms
- Types
- Centrilobular
- Panlobular
- Complications
- Paraseptal
- Bullous
- Paracicatricial
- HIV associated
- Alpha-1 related
- Ritalin lung
- CPFE
- SRIF
- Congenital lobar
- Focal
- Occupational
- Ozone-induced emphysema
- Osteoporosis
- Other terms
- Lung volume reduction
- Surgical
- Bronchoscopic
- Other surgeries
- In other tissues
- History
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
Emphysema is a condition of the lung marked by abnormal enlargement of the alveoli with loss of pulmonary elasticity. Most commonly, emphysema refers to the permanent enlargement of air spaces (alveoli) in the lungs, and is also known as pulmonary emphysema.
Emphysema is a lower respiratory tract disease, characterised by enlarged air-filled spaces in the lungs, that can vary in size and may be very large. The spaces are caused by the breakdown of the walls of the alveoli, which replace the spongy lung tissue. This reduces the total alveolar surface available for gas exchange leading to a reduction in oxygen supply for the blood. Emphysema usually affects the middle aged or older population because it takes time to develop with the effects of tobacco smoking and other risk factors. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic risk factor that may lead to the condition presenting earlier.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “pulmonary emphysema” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.