replisome
Sign in to savethumb|600px|right|A representation of the structures of the replisome during DNA replication The replisome is a complex molecular machine that carries out replication of DNA. The replisome first unwinds double stranded DNA into two single strands. For each of the resulting single strands, a new complementary sequence of DNA is synthesized. The total result is formation of two new double stranded DNA sequences that are exact copies of the original double stranded DNA sequence.
Article
31 sectionsContents
- Overview of prokaryotic DNA replication process
- Overview of eukaryotic DNA replication process
- Challenges of DNA replication
- Solving the challenges of DNA replication
- Replisome assembly
- Separating the duplex
- Helicases
- Unwinding supercoils and decatenation
- Gyrase and topoisomerases
- Protecting the leading and lagging strands
- Priming the leading and lagging strands
- Primase
- DNA polymerase alpha
- Ensuring processivity and synchronisation
- Clamp loader
- Sliding clamp
- Dimerisation of replicative polymerases
- High-fidelity DNA replication
- DNA polymerase III
- DNA polymerase delta
- DNA polymerase epsilon
- Proof-reading and error correction
- Primer removal and nick ligation
- DNA polymerase I
- RNAse H
- Ligase
- Replication stress
- History
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|600px|right|A representation of the structures of the replisome during DNA replication The replisome is a complex molecular machine that carries out replication of DNA. The replisome first unwinds double stranded DNA into two single strands. For each of the resulting single strands, a new complementary sequence of DNA is synthesized. The total result is formation of two new double stranded DNA sequences that are exact copies of the original double stranded DNA sequence.
In terms of structure, the replisome is composed of two replicative polymerase complexes, one of which synthesizes the leading strand, while the other synthesizes the lagging strand. The replisome is composed of a number of proteins including helicase, RFC, PCNA, gyrase/topoisomerase, SSB/RPA, primase, DNA polymerase III, RNAse H, and DNA ligase.