Also known as Rhinoscleroma (disorder)
Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous bacterial disease of the nose that can sometimes infect the upper respiratory tract. It most commonly affects the nasal cavity—the nose is involved in 95–100 per cent of cases—however, it can also affect the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Slightly more females than males are affected and patients are usually 10 to 30 years of age. Rhinoscleroma is considered a tropical disease and is mostly endemic to North Africa, South Asia and Central America. It is less common in the United States.
Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous bacterial disease of the nose that can sometimes infect the upper respiratory tract. It most commonly affects the nasal cavity—the nose is involved in 95–100 per cent of cases—however, it can also affect the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Slightly more females than males are affected and patients are usually 10 to 30 years of age. Rhinoscleroma is considered a tropical disease and is mostly endemic to North Africa, South Asia and Central America. It is less common in the United States.
==Signs and symptoms== Rhinoscleroma has been divided into 3 stages: Atrophic stage: It is characterised by features similar to Atrophic Rhinitis such as foul smelling purulent nasal discharge and crusting of the nose. Granulomatous stage: It is characterised by formation of granulomatous nodules in the nose and characteristic 'woody' appearance of the nose along with subdermal infiltration of the disease. The nodules formed are painless and non-ulcerative. Cicatricial stage: This is the final stage of the disease with prominent sclerosis and fibrosis. There is stenosis of the nares with adhesions in the nose, nasopharynx and oropharynx. There may also be respiratory distress due to subglottal stenosis.
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