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Escherichia coli

File:E.coli_image.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Escherichia coli

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Also known as E. coli, E coli, Bacterium coli communis

enteric, rod shaped, gram-negative bacterium

OverviewAI-generated

*Escherichia coli*, commonly known as *E. coli*, is a species of gram-negative bacteria within the family Enterobacteriaceae. It belongs to the genus *Escherichia* and is classified under the order Enterobacterales, class Gammaproteobacteria, and phylum Proteobacteria in the kingdom Bacteria. The species was described by Castellani & Chalmers in 1919 and holds an accepted taxonomic status. It is also recognized as a model organism.

The organism has been recorded in freshwater habitats. Occurrence data indicates presence in Mexico and the United States, with records held by institutions including CIAD and NHMUK. The taxon has 178,035 recorded occurrences and 133 observations. It is referenced by 3,223 other encyclopedia articles and has 464,793 associated publications.

Synthesized by Vinony from 41 facts across 8 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, iNaturalist, PubMed, Gbif Occ, WoRMS, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

E. coli

Escherichia coli

SPECIES

  1. KingdomBacteria
  2. PhylumProteobacteria
  3. ClassGammaproteobacteria
  4. OrderEnterobacterales
  5. FamilyEnterobacteriaceae
Habitatfreshwater
Observations133
Observations recorded178,035

E. coli in der Tieftemperatur-Elektronenmikroskopie Escherichia coli (abgekürzt E. coli) – auch Kolibakterium genannt – ist ein gramnegatives, säurebildendes und peritrich begeißeltes Bakterium, das normalerweise im menschlichen und tierischen Darm vorkommt. Unter anderem auf Grund dessen gilt dieses Bakterium auch als Fäkalindikator. E. coli und andere fakultativ anaerobe Organismen machen etwa 1 ‰ der Darmflora aus. Innerhalb der Familie der Enterobakterien (altgriechisch ἕντερον, lateinisch enteron „Darm“) gehört E. coli zur bedeutenden Gattung Escherichia und ist deren Typspezies. Benannt wurde es nach dem deutschen Kinderarzt Theodor Escherich, der es erstmals beschrieb. Coli ist der lateinische Genitiv von colon (zu dt. Kolon), einem Teil des Dickdarms. Die meisten Angehörigen dieser Spezies sind nicht krankheitsauslösend, jedoch gibt es auch zahlreiche verschiedene pathogene Stämme. Es zählt zu den häufigsten Verursachern von menschlichen Infektionskrankheiten. Die Basensequenz des Genoms einiger Stämme ist vollständig aufgeklärt. Als Modellorganismus zählt es zu den am besten untersuchten Prokaryoten und nimmt in der Molekularbiologie eine wichtige Rolle als Wirtsorganismus

via GBIF

Museum specimens

Specimen records
12
Family
Enterobacteriaceae
Collections
CIAD, NHMUK
Recorded in
Mexico, United States, Estados Unidos De America
iDigBio →

Research

464,793 papers

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of
model organism
Parent taxon
Escherichia
Image
202502 Escherichia coli.svg
Show 9 more facts
Commons category
Escherichia coli
taxon name
Escherichia coli
taxon rank
species
topic's main category
Category:Escherichia coli
taxon common name
大腸埃希氏菌
Gram staining
gram-negative bacteria
LPSN URL
lpsn.dsmz.de/species/escherichia-coli
on focus list of Wikimedia project
Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
short name
E. coli
Sources (3)

via Wikidata · CC0

~40 min read

Encyclopedic overview

Escherichia coli (/ˌɛʃəˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ/ ESH-ə-RIK-ee-ə KOH-lye) is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most E. coli strains are part of the normal microbiota of the gut, where they constitute about 0.1%, along with other facultative anaerobes. These bacteria are mostly harmless or even beneficial to humans. For example, some strains of E. coli benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2 or by preventing the colonization of the intestine by harmful pathogenic bacteria. These mutually beneficial relationships between E. coli and humans are a type of mutualistic biological relationship—where both the humans and the E. coli are benefitting each other. E. coli is expelled into the environment within fecal matter. The bacterium grows massively in fresh fecal matter under aerobic conditions for three days, but its numbers decline slowly afterwards.

Some serotypes, such as EPEC and ETEC, are pathogenic, causing serious food poisoning in their hosts. Fecal–oral transmission is the major route through which pathogenic strains of the bacterium cause disease. This transmission method is occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents that prompt product recalls. Cells are able to survive outside the body for a limited amount of time, which makes them potential indicator organisms to test environmental samples for fecal contamination. A growing body of research, though, has examined environmentally persistent E. coli which can survive for many days and grow outside a host.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Escherichia coli” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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