Also known as KSA, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi
西亞國家
Saudi Arabia is a large country in the Middle East that covers most of the Arabian Peninsula, making it the fifth-largest country in Asia and home to nearly 32 million people. It is significant globally because it is the only country with coastlines on both the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf, and it contains Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities in Islam.
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Saudi Arabia is officially known as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlakah al-ʿArabīyah as-Suʿūdīyah). The country takes its name from the House of Saud, the ruling royal family that has dominated the country's political landscape for more than three centuries. One of the world's few remaining absolute monarchs, the King of Saudi Arabia wields enormous political power: they are the head of the House of Saud, the head of the government, the supreme commander-in-chief of the Saudi military and choose their own successor.
thumb|Camels at the [[Riyadh|Janadriyah festival — no longer a viable means of long-distance transport]]
Internal travel permits are a thing of the past, so once you've gotten into Saudi Arabia, most of the country is your oyster. There are, however, some exceptions: The area around Mecca is off limits to non-Muslims; the exclusion zone is well signposted The city center of Medina used to be off-limits to non-Muslims, but the rules were relaxed in 2021; outside of Hajj season, non-Muslims may now enter the city center of Medina up to the perimeter fence around the Prophet's Mosque and take photos from the outside, though entry into the mosque compound is still forbidden. Those on Hajj visas are prohibited from leaving the area around Mecca and Medina (and transit points like Jeddah). Some remote areas, notably around the Iraqi and Yemeni borders, are restricted military zones. You're exceedingly unlikely to stumble into them by accident.
There is an abundance of things to see and explore in Saudi Arabia, from ancient ruins to stunning natural landscapes.
Entertainment in Saudi Arabia is very family-oriented. There are few activities for just couples or singles. Single men are not allowed in family areas: family beaches are partitioned from the bachelor beaches, for example. Women are expected to be accompanied by a male relative in public, although single women may be admitted into family areas.
Like in other Middle Eastern countries, food is traditionally eaten by hand in Saudi Arabia. The most important thing to remember is to use only your right hand (see Home etiquette below).
Unlike other businesses that kick out their customers at prayer time, most restaurants let diners hang around and eat behind closed doors through the prayer period. New customers are generally not allowed to enter until after prayer is over.
沙特阿拉伯王国(阿拉伯语:المملكة العربية السعودية,al-Mamlakah ʿArabīyah as-Saʿūdīyah,,马来西亚作沙地阿拉伯王国,新加坡作沙特阿拉伯王国,香港作沙地阿拉伯王國,台湾作沙烏地阿拉伯王國),简称沙特阿拉伯(العربية السعودية,马来西亚作沙地阿拉伯,新加坡作沙特阿拉伯,香港作沙地阿拉伯,台湾作沙烏地阿拉伯)、沙特(马来西亚作沙地,新加坡作沙特,香港作沙地,台湾作沙烏地),是一個位於西亞阿拉伯半島的阿拉伯人國家。沙特阿拉伯面積2,149,690平方公里,是在阿拉伯世界中地理面積第二大的國家,僅次於阿爾及利亞。沙地阿拉伯北方與約旦和伊拉克接壤;東北與科威特接壤;東邊和卡塔爾、巴林及阿拉伯聯合酋長國交界;東南方和阿曼接壤;南方則與也門交界。它是唯一一個同時擁有紅海和波斯灣海岸線的國家,大部分的土地由不宜居的沙漠及貧瘠的荒野組成。現時沙地阿拉伯由四個本來分明的區域——漢志、內志、部分東阿拉伯半島和部分南阿拉伯半島組成。 沙烏地阿拉伯王國是於1932年由伊本·沙特成立,他由1902年奪回沙特王朝歷史領地利雅得開始,相繼以征服統一了以上的四個區域,該國從此便一直以根據伊斯蘭主义原則、以君主專制的形式统治。瓦哈比派这一被定為国教的极端保守伊斯蘭教派别亦被稱為「沙特文化的首要特徵」,并随着其政策在全世界范围内传播。沙地阿拉伯有時被稱為「兩聖寺之地」,因为它的範圍包括了伊斯蘭教中兩個最神聖的聖地:麥加的禁寺及麥地那的先知寺。作为一个政治上極端保守,并採用政教合一体制的独裁政權,沙特阿拉伯对的限制极多,現任國王即位後,近年來不平等現象已經較為緩和,但仍采用酷刑和残忍的死刑行刑方法。 沙地阿拉伯是世界上石油生產量及輸出量最高的國家,它同時控制了全球第二大的烴儲藏量。由於石化燃料产业支持經濟发展,沙地阿拉伯被列為高收入經濟體之一,人類發展指數亦極高,且是唯一在二十國集團中的阿拉伯國家。但是,它在海灣阿拉伯國家合作委員會成員中擁有最單一的經濟。沙地阿拉伯的國防開支在世界排行第四,在2010至2014年曾被斯德哥爾摩國際和平研究所列为世界第二大軍備进口者。它常被视為地域大國和中等強國。除了海灣阿拉伯國家合作委員會,它亦是伊斯蘭合作組織和石油輸出國家組織的成員。
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With alcohol, nightclubs, playing music in public and mingling with unrelated people of the opposite sex all banned, it's fair to say that nobody comes to Saudi Arabia for the nightlife.
thumb|Desert resort, [[Red Sea Project]]
Hotels of all types are available throughout the Kingdom. Most tourist cities (i.e. Makkah, Madinah, Ta'if, Al Abha) will also have very affordable and spacious shigka-maafroosha (short-term furnished rental apartments). Shigka-maafroosha owners generally loiter in hotel lobbies. Often, they will approach civilized-looking people (generally families) and make an offer. Prices for shigka-mafrooshas and small hotels are always negotiable to a great degree. Smaller hotels will only accept cash, normally in advance.
Larger, more expensive hotels are abundant in all major cities. You can expect to pay north of US$200 for a weekday night at a good hotel in any of the big Saudi cities. In exchange, you usually get excellent service and the ability to work around some restrictions (e.g. restaurants that stay open through prayer hours and daytime room service during Ramadan).
Saudi Arabia's tourism megaprojects Neom, the Red Sea Project, and Al-Ula are rapidly sprouting up ultraluxury resorts, with price tags to match. If you can bear the heat, you can get good discounts in the summer low season.
Saudi Arabia is a safe country crime-wise; the country has one of the lowest crime rates in the world and you are unlikely to encounter problems.
At first, being in a fundamentalist Muslim country with very strict laws may feel scary and intimidating. As a tourist, you're not expected to know every law and rule in Saudi Arabia. So long as you respect local customs, you should be able to cope.
Although first-time visitors may be regaled with tales of beheadings and amputations, the full harshness of Saudi law is usually reserved for those actually seeking trouble.
For rules on clothing and mingling between sexes, see Respect below. Indecent clothing and mingling between unrelated men and women are criminal offences.
Saudi Arabia may be affected during times of heightened tensions in the Middle East (Israel, Iran, Lebanon), and there is often a heightened risk when travelling to or being within Saudi Arabia, during times of crisis. It is important to keep up to date with the latest news and updates from local authorities. Take shelter or remain indoors when told to.
Terrorist attacks have been considered very likely on Saudi Arabia by many countries.
There are no major health risks for traveling in Saudi Arabia: water is generally drinkable, and food is usually, but not always, hygienic. No vaccinations are required for general travel to the Kingdom, but for pilgrims joining the Hajj and its extraordinary concentrations of pilgrims from all corners of the globe, a comprehensive series of vaccinations is required as a condition for entry. See the Hajj article for details.
Smoking is the one sin that clerics haven't got around to banning yet, and consequently everybody smokes everywhere: hotel lobbies, airport lounges, shopping mall food courts, drivers in their taxis, etc. If this is a problem, be sure to request non-smoking rooms in hotels.
The Kingdom has a wide-reaching national health-care system, but the services provided by this program are quite basic. Private hospitals are often run with the participation of foreign partners. These facilities range from fairly rudimentary to very advanced and very expensive. Pharmacies are widely available, and prescriptions are not required for most medications. Psychoactive medications are tightly controlled and available only through government pharmacies.
thumb|Please, think before you act.
Saudis, North Africans, and other Middle Eastern Arabs share a common culture; therefore, what is considered good manners in the Arab world is applicable to Saudi Arabia.
The best way to stay out of trouble is to respect local conventions. Should you accidentally cause offense, don't panic, because you are not expected to know every cultural nuance. With a modicum of common sense and respect, you will be fine. If you don't know about something, just ask. People will be more than happy to explain.
As aforementioned, if you're not prepared to accept strict limitations on your behaviour and movement, you should not travel to Saudi Arabia.
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