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Somaliland is a territory in the Horn of Africa with its own government and institutions, though most countries do not officially recognize it as an independent state; it borders Somalia, Ethiopia, and Djibouti, with a population of about 6.2 million people centered around its capital city, Hargeisa. It matters because its status as a partially recognized state reflects ongoing political complexities in the region and raises questions about self-determination and international recognition in Africa.

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